Importance of salt in determining blood pressure in children - Meta-analysis of controlled trials
Importance of salt in determining blood pressure in children - Meta-analysis of controlled trials
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DOI：
10.1161/01.hyp.0000245672.27270.4a
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
MacGregor, Graham A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
He, Feng J.;MacGregor, Graham A.
为了评估减少盐摄入量对儿童血压的影响，我们对对照试验进行了荟萃分析。如果参与者是儿童(=2周)，则包括试验。平均效应大小是使用固定效应模型计算的，因为没有显著的异质性。有966名参与者的10项儿童和青少年试验(中位数年龄：13岁；范围：8至16年；中位数持续时间：4周；范围：2周至3年)。盐的摄入量减少了42%(四分位数范围[IQR]：7%至58%)。血压显著降低：收缩压：-1.17 mm Hg(95%CI：-1.78至-0.56 mm Hg；P<；0.001)；舒张压：-1.29 mm Hg(95%CI：-1.94至-0.65 mm Hg；P<；0.0001)。共有551名参与者参加了三项婴儿试验(中位数持续时间：20周；范围：8周至6个月)。食盐摄入量减少了54%(IQR：51%至79%)。收缩压显著降低：-2.47毫米汞(95%可信区间：-4.00至-0.94毫米汞；P<；0.01)。这是首次对儿童减少盐摄入量的荟萃分析，它表明，适度减少食盐摄入量会立即导致血压下降，如果持续下去，很可能会减缓随后随着年龄的增长而导致的血压上升。这将导致心血管疾病的大幅减少。这些结果与其他证据相结合，有力地支持了减少儿童食盐摄入量。
To assess the effect of reducing salt intake on blood pressure in children, we carried out a meta-analysis of controlled trials. Trials were included if participants were children (= 2 weeks. Mean effect size was calculated using a fixed-effect model, because there was no significant heterogeneity. Ten trials of children and adolescents with 966 participants were included ( median age: 13 years; range: 8 to 16 years; median duration: 4 weeks; range: 2 weeks to 3 years). Salt intake was reduced by 42% (interquartile range [IQR]: 7% to 58%). There were significant reductions in blood pressure: systolic: -1.17 mm Hg (95% CI: -1.78 to -0.56 mm Hg; P < 0.001); diastolic: -1.29 mm Hg (95% CI: -1.94 to -0.65 mm Hg; P < 0.0001). Three trials of infants with 551 participants were included (median duration: 20 weeks; range: 8 weeks to 6 months). Salt intake was reduced by 54% (IQR: 51% to 79%). There was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure: -2.47 mm Hg (95% CI: -4.00 to -0.94 mm Hg; P < 0.01). This is the first meta-analysis of salt reduction in children, and it demonstrates that a modest reduction in salt intake causes immediate falls in blood pressure and, if continued, may well lessen the subsequent rise in blood pressure with age. This would result in major reductions in cardiovascular disease. These results in conjunction with other evidence provide strong support for a reduction in salt intake in children.