Automatic generation of design structure matrices through the evolution of product models
Automatic generation of design structure matrices through the evolution of product models
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DOI：
10.1017/s0890060416000391
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hicks, Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gopsill, James A.;Snider, Chris;Hicks, Ben
处理组件交互和依赖关系仍然是工程的核心和基本方面，几乎每天都会解决冲突和约束。如果不考虑这些相互作用和依赖关系，可能会导致代价高昂的超支、无法满足要求以及冗长的重新设计。因此，这些依赖项的管理和监视仍然是工程项目中的一项关键活动，并且随着组件数量、组件交互和组件依赖项在结构和功能上的增加而变得越来越具有挑战性。由于这些原因，支持识别和监测组件相互作用和依赖关系的工具和方法仍然是一个活跃的研究领域。特别是，设计结构矩阵(DSM)已被广泛应用于识别和可视化跨多个工程学科的产品和组织架构。然而，生成这些DSM的过程主要使用调查、结构化访谈和/或与工程师的会议。因此，除了随着产品开发而不断更新DSM结构的要求外，工程师的时间成本也很高。因此，本文的命题是研究是否可以通过监控代表产品的数字模型的变化来生成自动化的、持续发展的需求侧管理。这包括由计算机辅助设计、有限元分析和计算流体动力学系统生成的模型。研究表明，产品模型的变化所产生的需求结构模型与工程师定义的产品结构以及以往的需求结构模型研究结果是一致的。此外，还确定了产品体系结构依赖的进一步级别。自动生成DSM的一个特殊优势是能够在整个项目中持续生成DSM。本白皮书展示了项目经理监控新出现的产品依赖关系以及工程师之间工作模式的变化的机会。该技术的应用可用于支持现有的产品生命周期变更管理解决方案、跨公司的产品开发以及没有产品生命周期管理解决方案的中小型企业。
Dealing with component interactions and dependencies remains a core and fundamental aspect of engineering, where conflicts and constraints are solved on an almost daily basis. Failure to consider these interactions and dependencies can lead to costly overruns, failure to meet requirements, and lengthy redesigns. Thus, the management and monitoring of these dependencies remains a crucial activity in engineering projects and is becoming ever more challenging with the increase in the number of components, component interactions, and component dependencies, in both a structural and a functional sense. For these reasons, tools and methods to support the identification and monitoring of component interactions and dependencies continues to be an active area of research. In particular, design structure matrices (DSMs) have been extensively applied to identify and visualize product and organizational architectures across a number of engineering disciplines. However, the process of generating these DSMs has primarily used surveys, structured interviews, and/or meetings with engineers. As a consequence, there is a high cost associated with engineers' time alongside the requirement to continually update the DSM structure as a product develops. It follows that the proposition of this paper is to investigate whether an automated and continuously evolving DSM can be generated by monitoring the changes in the digital models that represent the product. This includes models that are generated from computer-aided design, finite element analysis, and computational fluid dynamics systems. The paper shows that a DSM generated from the changes in the product models corroborates with the product architecture as defined by the engineers and results from previous DSM studies. In addition, further levels of product architecture dependency were also identified. A particular affordance of automatically generating DSMs is the ability to continually generate DSMs throughout the project. This paper demonstrates the opportunity for project managers to monitor emerging product dependencies alongside changes in modes of working between the engineers. The application of this technique could be used to support existing product life cycle change management solutions, cross-company product development, and small to medium enterprises who do not have a product life cycle management solution.