Realism vs. Constructivism in Contemporary Physics: The Impact of the Debate on the Understanding of Quantum Theory and its Instructional Process
Realism vs. Constructivism in Contemporary Physics: The Impact of the Debate on the Understanding of Quantum Theory and its Instructional Process
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当代物理学中的实在论与建构主义：辩论对理解量子理论及其教学过程的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pandora Hadzidaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Karakostas;Pandora Hadzidaki
在本研究中，我们试图将关于物理实在的哲学对话纳入量子力学的教学过程。考虑到科学实在论和建构主义都代表了科学教育领域中相当广泛的哲学潮流，它们的基本承诺的兼容性将根据量子理论的概念结构进行研究。有人认为，在这方面，科学的对象并不简单地构成“个人建设”的人类心灵解释自然，作为个人主义建构主义认为，他们也不形成产品的“社会建设”，作为社会学建构主义假设;相反，他们反映了客观的结构方面的物理世界。我们认为，量子力学的实在论解释不仅是可能的，而且是必要的，以揭示理论的科学内容的内在含义。然而，要对量子理论进行可行的实在论解释，就需要放弃或彻底修正物理实在的经典概念及其传统的形而上学前提。为此，我们提出了一个替代传统的现实主义的解释方案，这是在和谐与当今的量子理论的研究结果，如果适当地引入到当代物理学的教学过程中，预计将促进学习者的概念重建走向正确的自然观。
In the present study we attempt to incorporate the philosophical dialogue about physical reality into the instructional process of quantum mechanics. Taking into account that both scientific realism and constructivism represent, on the basis of a rather broad spectrum, prevalent philosophical currents in the domain of science education, the compatibility of their essential commitments is examined against the conceptual structure of quantum theory. It is argued in this respect that the objects of science do not simply constitute ‘personal constructions’ of the human mind for interpreting nature, as individualist constructivist consider, neither do they form products of a ‘social construction’, as sociological constructivist assume; on the contrary, they reflect objective structural aspects of the physical world. A realist interpretation of quantum mechanics, we suggest, is not only possible but also necessary for revealing the inner meaning of the theory’s scientific content. It is pointed out, however, that a viable realist interpretation of quantum theory requires the abandonment or radical revision of the classical conception of physical reality and its traditional metaphysical presuppositions. To this end, we put forward an alternative to traditional realism interpretative scheme, that is in harmony with the findings of present-day quantum theory, and which, if adequately introduced into the instructional process of contemporary physics, is expected to promote the conceptual reconstruction of learners towards an appropriate view of nature.