Unravelling the physics of multiphase AGN winds through emission line tracers

Unravelling the physics of multiphase AGN winds through emission line tracers
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通过发射线示踪剂揭示多相 AGN 风的物理原理

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stab556
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Stern, Jonathan
Stern, Jonathan
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Richings, Alexander J;Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André;Stern, Jonathan

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对活动星系核(AGN)中的发射线的观测经常会发现快速(约1000 km s−1)的外流,扩展到千秒差距尺度,在电离的中性原子和分子气体中可以看到。在这项工作中,我们提出了在流体动力学模拟的活动星系核外流驱动的热风泡,包括非平衡化学的辐射传输计算的发射线,探索这些线跟踪的多相流出的物理性质。我们发现,热气泡压缩线发射气体,导致更高的压力比周围的星际介质或AGN辐射压力产生的。这意味着观测到的发射线比,如[Oiv]/[Neii]、[Nev]/ [Neii]和[Niii]/ [Nii],限制了气泡的存在,从而限制了外流驱动机制。然而,与热气泡本身相比,线发射气体是欠加压的,并且大部分线发射是由处于压力、热和/或化学平衡之外的气体引起的。因此,我们的研究结果表明,假设平衡条件下,通常在活动星系核线发射模型,是不合理的,如果一个热风泡。我们还发现,流出的质量流出率,动量通量和动能通量的约50%由[Nii]和[Neiii](在10相产生)和[Cii](在10到100 K的转变中产生)等线跟踪。
Observations of emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) often find fast (∼1000 km s−1) outflows extending to kiloparsec scales, seen in ionized, neutral atomic and molecular gas. In this work we present radiative transfer calculations of emission lines in hydrodynamic simulations of AGN outflows driven by a hot wind bubble, including non-equilibrium chemistry, to explore how these lines trace the physical properties of the multiphase outflow. We find that the hot bubble compresses the line-emitting gas, resulting in higher pressures than in the ambient interstellar medium or that would be produced by the AGN radiation pressure. This implies that observed emission line ratios such as [Oiv]/ [Neii], [Nev]/ [Neii], and [Niii]/ [Nii]constrain the presence of the bubble and hence the outflow driving mechanism. However, the line-emitting gas is under-pressurized compared to the hot bubble itself, and much of the line emission arises from gas that is out of pressure, thermal and/or chemical equilibrium. Our results thus suggest that assuming equilibrium conditions, as commonly done in AGN line emission models, is not justified if a hot wind bubble is present. We also find that ≳50 per cent of the mass outflow rate, momentum flux, and kinetic energy flux of the outflow are traced by lines such as [Nii]and [Neiii](produced in the 10phase) and [Cii](produced in the transition from 10to 100 K).
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