Differential accumulation of energy by the colour morphs of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) mirrors their ecological adaptations
Differential accumulation of energy by the colour morphs of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) mirrors their ecological adaptations
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DOI：
10.14411/eje.2013.035
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Bigham, Mahdieh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahsaei, Seyed Mohammad;Tabadkani, Seyed Mohammad;Bigham, Mahdieh
豌豆蚜 Acyrthosiphon pisum（半翅目：蚜科）是一个对其颜色多态性进行深入研究的物种，它有两种不同的颜色形态：红色和绿色。有人提出，这种多态性的发生和维持是对环境因素，特别是天敌和寄主植物质量的适应性反应。我们假设这些适应直接反映在不同颜色形态在成体前阶段积累的能量储备中，并反映了它们对特定生态角色的专业化。我们定量测量了红豌豆蚜和绿豌豆蚜的不同能量储备，发现这些变种的总能量储备没有差异。有趣的是，这些储备是由红色和绿色变形的不同成分组成的。红色克隆中水溶性碳水化合物和脂质的百分比含量较高，绿色克隆中蛋白质的百分比含量较高。这些发现与绿色无性系比红色无性系繁殖能力一致，并且比红色无性系需要更多的蛋白质来繁殖，红色无性系在拥挤时或响应天敌的存在时会产生更多有翅膀的后代，因此需要更多的脂质和碳水化合物来为它们的行走和飞行提供能量。显然，不同颜色的形态在生理上是专门的，可以根据其特定的生态适应来调整其能量储备，并最大限度地提高其在传播、繁殖、防御和生存方面的适应性。
The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a well-studied species in terms of its colour polymorphism, where it occurs as two distinct colour morphs, red and green. It is proposed that the occurrence and maintenance of this polymorphism is an adaptive response to environmental factors, in particular natural enemies and host plant quality. We hypothesized that these adaptations are directly mirrored in the energy reserves accumulated by the different colour morphs during their pre-adult stages and reflect their specialization for particular ecological roles. We quantitatively measured the different energy reserves of red and green pea aphids and found that the total energy reserves of these morphs did not differ. Interestingly, these reserves were made up of different components in the red and green colour morphs. There was a higher percentage content of water-soluble carbohydrates and lipids in the red clones and higher percentage content of protein in green clones. These finding are in accordance with green clones being more fecund than red ones and needing more protein for reproduction than red clones, which produce more winged offspring when crowded or in response to the presence of natural enemies and so, need more lipids and carbohydrates to fuel their walking and flight. Apparently, different colour morphs are physiologically specialized to adjust their energy reserves in relation to their specific ecological adaptations and maximize their fitness in terms of dispersal, reproduction, defense and surviv al.