Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain
Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain
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DOI：
10.1080/01652176.2014.985856
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发表时间：
2015-01-02
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Darwich, Laila
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Molina-Lopez, Rafael A.;Casal, Jordi;Darwich, Laila
背景：野生动物伤亡预测指标的评估对野生动物康复实践、优化经济资源利用、保护动物福利具有重要意义。这方面的研究很少。目的：确定与猛禽住院第一周死亡率相关的预后指标。动物和方法：使用了1995年至2007年野生动物康复中心收治的1722例野生猛禽病例的完整医疗记录。建立回归模型以确定不同变量（顺序、性别、身体状况（BC）、临床体征以及可用的血液学和生化参数）的死亡率相关因素。结果：在双变量分析中，神经症状（OR = 11.9, 95%CI:5.1-27.6）或肌肉骨骼症状（OR = 12.1, 95%CI:5.8-25.3）、低BC （OR = 32.9, 95%CI:19-81.2）、低堆积细胞体积（PCV）、血红蛋白或总固体（TS）值均与早期死亡相关。在多元模型中调整变量后，由于BC与其他变量共线性，排除了BC，神经系统的改变是唯一的显著危险因素（OR = 4.0; 95%CI:1.9-8.8）。在物种特异性分析中，预后差与夜鹰的神经学症状、白刺鹤的BC差、短爪鹤和白爪鹤的外伤、短爪鹤和短爪鹤的PCV低以及短爪鹤的TS低有关。结论：低BC值、低PCV值和有神经症状的猛禽在入院第一天死亡的风险最高。因此，无论是对预后不良的动物进行医疗护理还是人道安乐死，都应该解决动物福利问题。
Background: Assessment of the prognostic indicators of wildlife casualties is critical in wildlife rehabilitation practice, to optimize the use of economical resources, and to protect animal welfare. Few studies have been conducted in this field.Objective: To identify the prognostic indicators associated with raptor mortality during the first week of hospitalization.Animals and methods: Complete medical records of 1722 wild raptor cases admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre from 1995 to 2007 were used. Regression models were created to determine mortality-related factors for different variables (order, sex, body condition (BC), clinical signs, and available haematological and biochemical parameters).Results: In the bivariate analysis, the presence of nervous (OR = 11.9, 95%CI:5.1-27.6) or musculoskeletal (OR = 12.1, 95%CI:5.8-25.3) signs, a poor BC (OR = 32.9, 95%CI:19-81.2), and low values of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin or total solids (TS), were all associated with early mortality. After adjusting variables in the multivariate model, BC was excluded due to co-linearity with other variables, and alteration of the nervous system was the only significant risk factor (OR = 4.0; 95%CI:1.9-8.8). In species specific analysis, poor prognosis was related to neurological signs in Athene noctua, poor BC in Strix aluco, trauma in Acciptiter nisus and Tyto alba, low PCV in Buteo buteo and Falco tinnunculus and low TS in Falco tinnunculus.Conclusions: Raptors with a poor BC, low values of PCV and those presenting with neurological signs, had the highest risk of dying in the first days of admittance. Thus, either medical care or humane euthanasia for poor prognosis should be performed to address animal welfare.