Diversity and use of ethno-medicinal plants in the region of Swat, North Pakistan.
Diversity and use of ethno-medicinal plants in the region of Swat, North Pakistan.
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-4269-9-25
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发表时间：
2013-04-15
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Bergmeier E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akhtar N;Rashid A;Murad W;Bergmeier E
由于其多样的地理和生境条件，巴基斯坦北方蕴藏着丰富的药用植物。这些植物及其传统用途是该地区自然和文化遗产的一部分。这项研究的进行，以记录哪些药用植物物种和植物部分在斯瓦特地区使用，哪些综合征类别特别关注，以及哪些栖息地光谱是经常被收藏家。最后，我们评估了药用植物在何种程度上是脆弱的，由于收集和栖息地的破坏。在巴基斯坦北部斯瓦特的Miandam地区进行了民族植物学调查。通过实地评估以及通过个人访谈和半结构化问卷从传统治疗师和当地人那里收集数据。共记录民族药用植物54科106种。最常见的生长形式是多年生植物（43%）和短命草本植物（23%），灌木（16%）和乔木（15%）。最常使用的植物部位是叶（24%），果实（18%）和地下部分（15%）。相当大比例的民族药用植物种类和药物涉及肠胃疾病。这些药物大多以汤剂或散剂的形式制备，主要口服。106种民族药用植物中有80种是土著植物。近50%的植物发生在合生植被，而略高于50%的半自然，但广泛放牧，林地和草地植被。由于过度采集，必须考虑三个物种（紫堇、黄秋水仙、矮生茉莉）。林地是非合生土著药用植物的主要来源。后者包括许多范围有限的分类群和植物，其根茎和其他地下部分被挖出来作为药物进行进一步加工。在斯瓦特地区，药用植物仍然被广泛用于治疗。有些林地似乎适应于林牧，但易受过度采集，特别是毁林的影响。建议在地方自治政府的责任下，实施地方小规模农林系统，以培育脆弱和具有商业价值的民族药用林地植物。
Due to its diverse geographical and habitat conditions, northern Pakistan harbors a wealth of medicinal plants. The plants and their traditional use are part of the natural and cultural heritage of the region. This study was carried out to document which medicinal plant species and which plant parts are used in the region of Swat, which syndrome categories are particularly concerned, and which habitat spectrum is frequented by collectors. Finally, we assessed to which extent medicinal plants are vulnerable due to collection and habitat destruction. An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken in the Miandam area of Swat, North Pakistan. Data were collected through field assessment as well as from traditional healers and locals by means of personal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires. A total of 106 ethno-medicinal plant species belonging to 54 plant families were recorded. The most common growth forms were perennial (43%) and short-lived herbs (23%), shrubs (16%), and trees (15%). Most frequently used plant parts were leaves (24%), fruits (18%) and subterranean parts (15%). A considerable proportion of the ethno-medicinal plant species and remedies concerns gastro-intestinal disorders. The remedies were mostly prepared in the form of decoction or powder and were mainly taken orally. Eighty out of 106 ethno-medicinal plants were indigenous. Almost 50% of the plants occurred in synanthropic vegetation while slightly more than 50% were found in semi-natural, though extensively grazed, woodland and grassland vegetation. Three species (Aconitum violaceum, Colchicum luteum, Jasminum humile) must be considered vulnerable due to excessive collection. Woodlands are the main source for non-synanthropic indigenous medicinal plants. The latter include many range-restricted taxa and plants of which rhizomes and other subterranean parts are dug out for further processing as medicine. Medicinal plants are still widely used for treatment in the area of Swat. Some species of woodlands seem to be adapted to wood-pasture, but vulnerable to overcollecting, and in particular to deforestation. It is suggested to implement local small-scaled agroforestry systems to cultivate vulnerable and commercially valuable ethno-medicinal woodland plants under local self-government responsibility.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Bhat JA;Kumar M;Bussmann RW
通讯作者：
Bussmann RW
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Muthu C;Ayyanar M;Raja N;Ignacimuthu S
通讯作者：
Ignacimuthu S
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Khan SM;Page S;Ahmad H;Shaheen H;Ullah Z;Ahmad M;Harper DM
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Harper DM
印度东部喜马拉雅地区阿帕塔尼的民族医学植物学。
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kala, Chandra Prakash
通讯作者：
Kala, Chandra Prakash
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Adnan, Muhammad;Hoefscher, Dirk
通讯作者：
Hoefscher, Dirk