Systemic treatment in EGFR-ALK NSCLC patients: second line therapy and beyond.

Systemic treatment in EGFR-ALK NSCLC patients: second line therapy and beyond.
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DOI:
10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2014.03.003
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发表时间:
2014-09
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Rosell R
Rosell R
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Karachaliou N;Rosell R

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肺癌是最常诊断的癌症,也是全世界癌症死亡率的主要原因,腺癌是最常见的组织学亚型。对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)病理生物学的深入了解导致了靶向基因突变的小分子的开发,这些基因突变已知在转移性疾病的进展中发挥关键作用,并影响对靶向治疗的反应。精准医疗的主要目标是确定最有可能对靶向治疗产生反应的患者人群。然而,癌症基因组景观由相对较少的“山”[代表最常见的突变基因,如KRAS,表皮生长因子(EGFR)和间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)]和大量的“山”(代表低频率但可能可行的突变)组成。影响可药用基因产物的低频病变允许选择相对较少的癌症患者群体进行靶向治疗。
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with adenocarcinoma being the most common histological subtype. Deeper understanding of the pathobiology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has led to the development of small molecules that target genetic mutations known to play critical roles in progression to metastatic disease and to influence response to targeted therapies. The principle goal of precision medicine is to define those patient populations most likely to respond to targeted therapies. However, the cancer genome landscape is composed of relatively few “mountains” [representing the most commonly mutated genes like KRAS, epidermal growth factor (EGFR), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)] and a vast number of “hills” (representing low frequency but potentially actionable mutations). Low-frequency lesions that affect a druggable gene product allow a relatively small population of cancer patients for targeted therapy to be selected.
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