Molecular Identification and Disease Management of Date Palm Sudden Decline Syndrome in the United Arab Emirates
Molecular Identification and Disease Management of Date Palm Sudden Decline Syndrome in the United Arab Emirates
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms20040923
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发表时间：
2019-02-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
AbuQamar, Synan F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alwahshi, Khawla J.;Saeed, Esam Eldin;AbuQamar, Synan F.
椰枣园遭受严重疾病，包括突然衰退综合症（SDS）。外部症状表现为叶轴一侧变白，从叶基部向叶尖发展，直至全叶枯死；而内部疾病症状包括根部发红和维管束颜色深，导致树木枯萎和死亡。虽然三个镰刀菌属。 （F. oxysporum、F. proliferatum 和 F. solani）是从患病根部样本中分离出来的，真菌病原体 F. solani 与阿拉伯联合酋长国 (UAE) 枣椰树上的 SDS 相关。镰刀菌属根据其文化和形态特征进行鉴定。进一步对病原体的核糖体 RNA (ITS/LSU rRNA) 基因复合体的内部转录间隔区和大亚基进行了测序。致病性测定和疾病严重程度指数证实，阿联酋海枣上 SDS 的主要致病因子是茄病镰刀菌。在温室条件下，使用 Cidely((R)) Top（苯醚甲环唑和环氟菌胺）可显着抑制体外真菌菌丝生长，并减少预接种茄病镰刀菌的海枣幼苗的 SDS 发育。这是第一份报告证实化学杀菌剂 Cidely((R)) Top 对海枣上的 SDS 非常有效。
Date palm orchards suffer from serious diseases, including sudden decline syndrome (SDS). External symptoms were characterized by whitening on one side of the rachis, progressing from the base to the apex of the leaf until the whole leaf dies; while the internal disease symptoms included reddish roots and highly colored vascular bundles causing wilting and death of the tree. Although three Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum and F. solani) were isolated from diseased root samples, the fungal pathogen F. solani was associated with SDS on date palm in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Fusarium spp. were identified based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. The internal transcribed spacer regions and large subunit of the ribosomal RNA (ITS/LSU rRNA) gene complex of the pathogens was further sequenced. Pathogenicity assays and disease severity indices confirm the main causal agent of SDS on date palm in the UAE is F. solani. Application of Cidely((R)) Top (difenoconazole and cyflufenamid) significantly inhibited the fungal mycelial growth in vitro and reduced SDS development on date palm seedlings pre-inoculated with F. solani under greenhouse conditions. This is the first report confirming that the chemical fungicide Cidely((R)) Top is strongly effective against SDS on date palm.