Too Many 'Friends,' Too Few 'Likes'? Evolutionary Psychology and 'Facebook Depression'
Too Many 'Friends,' Too Few 'Likes'? Evolutionary Psychology and 'Facebook Depression'
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DOI：
10.1037/gpr0000030
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Blease, C. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blease, C. R.
心理学家（以及随后的媒体）将“Facebook抑郁症”定义为在社交网站上花费太多时间的情感结果（Selfhout et al.，2009; Kross等人，2013年）的报告。一些社会心理学家否认Facebook与任何此类负面影响有因果关系（Jelenchick等人，2013年）的报告。本文认为，如果我们想了解现代大众媒体和新的社交媒体，我们需要更好地了解自然选择留给我们的（旧）心理学（Barkow et al.，2012年）。解开社交媒体和抑郁症之间的关系，使用抑郁症的进化社会竞争理论，我认为，当前的社会环境和进化适应环境之间的不匹配提供了一些预测使用社交媒体作为轻度抑郁症或烦躁不安的触发器。我假设，在以下（特定）情况下，Facebook用户可能更容易受到轻度抑郁症的因果触发因素的影响：（a）用户在线的“朋友”数量越多;（B）用户花在阅读这些朋友的更新上的时间越多;（c）用户经常这样做;（d）更新的内容倾向于吹牛。我假设，用户观察到的较高状态提示的显示频率和数量可能会导致用户之间的相对社会价值较低的感知（自动触发此响应）。文章最后指出了未来对Facebook等社交媒体网站的行为和认知影响的研究方向。
Psychologists (and subsequently the media) have defined 'Facebook depression' as the affective result of spending too much time on the social networking site (Selfhout et al., 2009; Kross et al., 2013). Some social psychologists have denied that Facebook is causally implicated in any such negative affect (Jelenchick et al., 2013). This article argues that if we want to understand modern mass media and new social media, we need a better understanding of the (old) psychology bequeathed us by natural selection (Barkow et al., 2012). Disentangling the relationship between social media and depression using evolutionary social competition theories of depression, I argue that the mismatch between current social milieu and the environment of evolutionary adaption affords some predictions about the use of social media as a trigger for mild depression or dysphoria. I hypothesize that users of Facebook may be more susceptible to causal triggers for mild depression under the following (specific) circumstances: (a) the greater the number of 'friends' that the user has online; (b) the greater the time that the user spends reading updates from this wide pool of friends; (c) the user does so regularly; and (d) the content of the updates tends to a bragging nature. I hypothesize that the frequency and the number of displays of higher status cues observed by the user may incur the perception of low relative social value among users (automatically triggering this response). The article concludes with directions for future research on the behavioral and cognitive effects of social media sites such as Facebook.