Construction and Validation of an Ego Integrity Status Interview
Construction and Validation of an Ego Integrity Status Interview
复制标题
自我诚信状态访谈的构建和验证
DOI：
10.2190/rrat-bl8j-j2u2-xrd3
复制
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Nehrke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maxine Walaskay;S. Whitbourne;M. Nehrke
埃里克森的理论，关于存在的自我完整性与绝望的危机，在老年进行了测试，使用来自Whitbourne和Weinstock的应用程序的马西娅的状态结构的自我完整性危机的采访。四个完整性状态被定义为：完整性实现，不和谐（危机），止赎（避免危机）和绝望。通过45分钟的半结构化访谈，在40名老年社区居民男性和女性中可靠地（80%）确定了这些状态。此外，四种状态之间的预测差异进行了观察问卷调查评估回忆活动，死亡的态度和准备，心理健康，和问卷量表的阶段6至8埃里克森的理论。差异的模式表明，实现完整性和止赎样本的不同主要是他们对过去的反省程度，但两者似乎都有很高的心理健康程度。不和谐的个体看起来不快乐和有压力，但这被视为一种暂时的状态，与绝望的低心理幸福感的长期性质相反。因此，完整性状态结构的有效性和旨在测量它的访谈得到了支持，并为埃里克森对自我完整性与绝望阶段的描述中提出的改进提供了基础。
Erikson's theory regarding the existence of an Ego Integrity versus Despair crisis in old age was tested using an interview derived from Whitbourne and Weinstock's application of Marcia's status construct to the ego integrity crisis. Four integrity statuses were defined: integrity achieving, dissonant (in crisis), foreclosed (avoiding crisis), and despairing. These statuses were reliably (80%) identified among forty elderly community-dwelling men and women through the forty-five-minute semistructured interview. Moreover, predicted differences among the four statuses were observed on questionnaire measures assessing reminiscing activity, death attitudes and preparation, psychological well-being, and questionnaire scales of Stages 6 through 8 of Erikson's theory. The pattern of differences suggested that integrity achieving and foreclosed samples differed mainly regarding their degree of introspection regarding the past, but that both appeared to have a high degree of psychological well-being. Dissonant individuals appeared to be unhappy and stressed, but this was seen as a temporary state in contrast to the more chronic nature of the despairing's low sense of psychological well-being. The validity of the integrity status construct and the interview designed to measure it have, therefore, been supported, and provide the basis for suggested refinements within Erikson's description of the Ego Integrity versus Despair stage.