Rab GTPases and the Autophagy Pathway: Bacterial Targets for a Suitable Biogenesis and Trafficking of Their Own Vacuoles.
Rab GTPases and the Autophagy Pathway: Bacterial Targets for a Suitable Biogenesis and Trafficking of Their Own Vacuoles.
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DOI：
10.3390/cells5010011
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发表时间：
2016-03-08
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Colombo MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
López de Armentia MM;Amaya C;Colombo MI
自噬是一种细胞内过程，包括受损细胞器、蛋白质聚集体和细胞内病原体的降解，在控制入侵微生物的命运方面起着重要作用。细胞内病原体被专业和非专业吞噬细胞内化，定位在称为吞噬体的隔室中。为了降解内化的微生物，微生物吞噬体通过与早期和晚期内体腔室和溶酶体的融合事件成熟，这一过程由Rab GTPases调节。有趣的是，为了在吞噬体中生存和复制，一些病原体采用不同的策略来操纵囊泡交通，抑制吞噬溶酶体的生物发生（例如，金黄色葡萄球菌和结核分枝杆菌），或在酸性隔室中存活并形成复制液泡（例如，伯纳蒂Coxiella burnetti和嗜肺军团菌）。在这篇综述中描述的细菌通常利用分泌系统来控制宿主的反应，从而传播。迄今为止，已知有八种分泌系统（I型到VIII型）。其中一些系统被细菌用来将致病蛋白转运到宿主细胞中，并调节复制液泡形成、细胞凋亡、细胞因子反应和自噬。在这里，我们专注于细菌如何操纵小Rab gtpase来控制许多这些过程。这一领域不断增长的知识可能会促进新的治疗方法的发展或有助于预防这些类型的细菌感染。
Autophagy is an intracellular process that comprises degradation of damaged organelles, protein aggregates and intracellular pathogens, having an important role in controlling the fate of invading microorganisms. Intracellular pathogens are internalized by professional and non-professional phagocytes, localizing in compartments called phagosomes. To degrade the internalized microorganism, the microbial phagosome matures by fusion events with early and late endosomal compartments and lysosomes, a process that is regulated by Rab GTPases. Interestingly, in order to survive and replicate in the phagosome, some pathogens employ different strategies to manipulate vesicular traffic, inhibiting phagolysosomal biogenesis (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) or surviving in acidic compartments and forming replicative vacuoles (e.g., Coxiella burnetti and Legionella pneumophila). The bacteria described in this review often use secretion systems to control the host’s response and thus disseminate. To date, eight types of secretion systems (Type I to Type VIII) are known. Some of these systems are used by bacteria to translocate pathogenic proteins into the host cell and regulate replicative vacuole formation, apoptosis, cytokine responses, and autophagy. Herein, we have focused on how bacteria manipulate small Rab GTPases to control many of these processes. The growing knowledge in this field may facilitate the development of new treatments or contribute to the prevention of these types of bacterial infections.