An assessment of attitudes toward gender inequitable sexual and reproductive health norms in South Sudan: a community-based participatory research approach.
An assessment of attitudes toward gender inequitable sexual and reproductive health norms in South Sudan: a community-based participatory research approach.
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DOI：
10.1186/1752-1505-7-24
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发表时间：
2013-11-09
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Parmar, Parveen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scott, Jennifer;Averbach, Sarah;Parmar, Parveen
背景：南苏丹的社区经历了数十年的冲突。长期冲突加剧了生殖健康方面的差距和两性不平等。这项研究在该国2011年独立之前进行，旨在评估对与性关系和生殖健康有关的性别不平等规范的态度，以及性别，年龄和教育对这些态度的影响。采用以社区为基础的参与性研究方法和配额抽样，2009-2011年，在南苏丹的7个地点采访了680名成年男性和女性受访者。口头管理的调查评估的态度使用性别公平的男子规模。结果：680名调查对象中，女性352名，男性326名，未注明性别2名。大多数女性（77%）和男性（74%）同意“一个男人需要其他女人，即使他和妻子的事情很好”。没有接受过教育的受访者（60%）比接受过任何教育的受访者（45%）更有可能同意“如果一个女人结婚了，她应该在丈夫想的时候和他发生性关系，即使她不想”（p=0.002）。大多数妇女（74%）和男子（73%）同意“妇女有责任避免怀孕”。没有接受过教育的受访者（81%）比接受过任何教育的受访者（72%）更有可能同意这一说法（p=0.04）。当被问及避孕套的使用时，大多数受访者，无论男女还是两个年龄组，都同意“妻子要求丈夫使用避孕套是令人愤慨的”和“携带避孕套的妇女很容易”。两个年龄组之间的任何评估的性别不平等normal.CONCLUSION：研究揭示了性别不平等的性和生殖健康规范的态度在南苏丹分层时，性别和教育的差异。作为一个寻求加强其卫生系统的新国家，这些数据可以为南苏丹的性健康和生殖健康政策和方案编制提供信息。
BACKGROUND: Communities in South Sudan have endured decades of conflict. Protracted conflict exacerbated reproductive health disparities and gender inequities. This study, conducted prior to the country's 2011 independence, aimed to assess attitudes toward gender inequitable norms related to sexual relationships and reproductive health and the effects of sex, age, and education on these attitudes.METHODS: Applying a community-based participatory research approach and quota sampling, 680 adult male and female respondents were interviewed in seven sites within South Sudan in 2009-2011. The verbally administered survey assessed attitudes using the Gender Equitable Men scale. Data were stratified by sex, age (≤35years and >35years), and education.RESULTS: Of 680 respondents, 352 were female, 326 were male, and 2 did not indicate their sex. The majority of women (77%) and men (74%) agreed "a man needs other women, even if things with his wife are fine". Respondents who reported no education (60%) were more likely than those who reported any education (45%) to agree "if a woman is married, she should have sex with her husband whenever he wants to, even if she doesn't want to" (p=0.002). The majority of women (74%) and men (73%) agreed "it is a woman's responsibility to avoid getting pregnant". Respondents who reported no education (81%) were more likely than those who reported any education (72%) to agree with this statement (p=0.04). When asked about condom use, the majority of respondents, across both sexes and both age groups, agreed "it would be outrageous for a wife to ask her husband to use a condom" and "women who carry condoms are easy". There were no statistically significant differences between the two age groups for any of the assessed gender inequitable norms.CONCLUSION: The study reveals differences in attitudes toward gender inequitable sexual and reproductive health norms among those surveyed in South Sudan when stratified by sex and education. As a new nation seeks to strengthen its health system, these data can inform sexual and reproductive health policies and programming in South Sudan.