Nampt and Its Potential Role in Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes
Nampt and Its Potential Role in Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-17214-4_7
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kiess, Wieland
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文献类型：
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作者：
Garten, Antje;Petzold, Stefanie;Kiess, Wieland
烟酰胺磷酸核糖基转移酶（Nampt）是哺乳动物体内一种重要的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）生物合成酶，将烟酰胺转化为NAD中间体烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）。Nampt首先在人类中被鉴定为细胞因子前B细胞集落增强因子（PBEF），随后被描述为胰岛素模拟激素内脂素，最近激发了来自不同领域的研究人员的科学兴趣，包括NAD生物学，代谢调节和炎症。作为一种NAD生物合成酶，Nampt调节NAD消耗酶如sirtuins的活性，并影响多种代谢和应激反应。Nampt在胰腺β细胞胰岛素分泌的调节中起重要作用。Nampt还作为免疫调节细胞因子发挥作用，并参与炎症反应的调节。本章总结了Nampt的各种功能方面，并讨论了其在疾病中的潜在作用，特别关注2型糖尿病（T2DM）。
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is a key nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthetic enzyme in mammals, converting nicotinamide into nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), an NAD intermediate. First identified in humans as a cytokine pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF) and subsequently described as an insulin-mimetic hormone visfatin, Nampt has recently excited the scientific interest of researchers from diverse fields, including NAD biology, metabolic regulation, and inflammation. As an NAD biosynthetic enzyme, Nampt regulates the activity of NAD-consuming enzymes such as sirtuins and influences a variety of metabolic and stress responses. Nampt plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Nampt also functions as an immunomodulatory cytokine and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. This chapter summarizes the various functional aspects of Nampt and discusses its potential roles in diseases, with special focus on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).