Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from six national phone surveys.
Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from six national phone surveys.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055159
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发表时间：
2021-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zezza A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanyanda S;Markhof Y;Wollburg P;Zezza A
评估撒哈拉以南非洲六个国家接受COVID-19疫苗的意愿，并确定不同国家和人群接受疫苗的差异。基于纵向调查的跨国可比描述性研究。在代表撒哈拉以南非洲人口38%的国家（布基纳法索、埃塞俄比亚、马拉维、马里、尼日利亚和乌干达）进行了六次国家调查。全国高频电话调查的答卷人，年龄在15岁及以上，从全国有代表性的家庭抽样中抽取。如果获得批准的疫苗现在免费提供，愿意接种COVID-19疫苗，按全国家庭调查获得的人口统计属性和社会经济因素分类。疫苗犹豫的相关性和原因。在研究的六个撒哈拉以南非洲国家中，接受率普遍较高，除一个国家外，所有国家中至少有五分之四的人愿意接种疫苗。疫苗接受范围从埃塞俄比亚的几乎普遍接受（97.9%，95% CI 97.2%至98.6%）到马里的群体免疫可能要求的接受范围（64.5%，95% CI 61.3%至67.8%）。我们几乎没有发现任何证据表明，不同性别或年龄的疫苗犹豫存在系统性差异，但在城市地区、受教育程度较高的人群和较富裕的家庭中存在一些犹豫。对疫苗的安全性担忧，特别是其副作用，成为各国对COVID-19疫苗的主要保留意见。我们的研究结果表明，需求不足不太可能是撒哈拉以南非洲实现高COVID-19疫苗覆盖率的关键瓶颈。为了将意图转化为有效需求，有针对性的信息、宣传和参与活动，增强对已批准疫苗安全性的信心，减少对副作用的担忧，对于保障疫苗在世界上最贫穷地区之一的快速推广至关重要。
To estimate the willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine in six sub-Saharan African countries and identify differences in acceptance across countries and population groups. Cross-country comparable, descriptive study based on a longitudinal survey. Six national surveys from countries representing 38% of the sub-Saharan African population (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria and Uganda). Respondents of national high-frequency phone surveys, aged 15 years and older, drawn from a nationally representative sample of households. Willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 if an approved vaccine is provided now and for free, disaggregated by demographic attributes and socioeconomic factors obtained from national household surveys. Correlates of and reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Acceptance rates in the six sub-Saharan African countries studied are generally high, with at least four in five people willing to be vaccinated in all but one country. Vaccine acceptance ranges from nearly universal in Ethiopia (97.9%, 95% CI 97.2% to 98.6%) to below what would likely be required for herd immunity in Mali (64.5%, 95% CI 61.3% to 67.8%). We find little evidence for systematic differences in vaccine hesitancy by sex or age but some clusters of hesitancy in urban areas, among the better educated, and in richer households. Safety concerns about the vaccine in general and its side effects specifically emerge as the primary reservations toward a COVID-19 vaccine across countries. Our findings suggest that inadequate demand is unlikely to represent the key bottleneck to reaching high COVID-19 vaccine coverage in sub-Saharan Africa. To turn intent into effective demand, targeted information, sensitisation and engagement campaigns bolstering confidence in the safety of approved vaccines and reducing concerns about side effects will be crucial to safeguard the swift progression of vaccine rollout in one of the world’s poorest regions.