Plasmid Rolling-Circle Replication
Plasmid Rolling-Circle Replication
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.plas-0035-2014
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
del Solar, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ruiz-Maso, J. A.;Machon, C.;del Solar, G.
质粒是独立于染色体DNA进行受控复制的DNA实体，这是保证质粒在其宿主中流行的关键步骤。DNA复制必须科普DNA聚合酶无法启动从头DNA合成的问题，不同的复制机制为这个问题提供了不同的解决方案。滚环复制（RCR）是由某些质粒采用的机制，在其他遗传元件中，其代表最简单的起始策略之一，即，由复制起始蛋白在一条亲本链上产生切口以产生用于前导链起始的引物和用于滞后链合成的单个引发位点。所有RCR质粒基因组由许多基本元件组成：前导链起始和控制、滞后链起源、表型决定因子和动员，通常按频率顺序排列。RCR主要在革兰氏阳性细菌质粒中表征，尽管它也在革兰氏阴性细菌或古细菌质粒中描述。在这里，我们的目标是提供一个概述的RCR质粒的生活方式，强调其特性，混杂性，稳定性，实用性作为载体等，而RCR是最好的特点之一的质粒复制机制，仍然有许多问题没有答案，这将指出沿着的方式在这篇评论。
Plasmids are DNA entities that undergo controlled replication independent of the chromosomal DNA, a crucial step that guarantees the prevalence of the plasmid in its host. DNA replication has to cope with the incapacity of the DNA polymerases to start de novo DNA synthesis, and different replication mechanisms offer diverse solutions to this problem. Rolling-circle replication (RCR) is a mechanism adopted by certain plasmids, among other genetic elements, that represents one of the simplest initiation strategies, that is, the nicking by a replication initiator protein on one parental strand to generate the primer for leading-strand initiation and a single priming site for lagging-strand synthesis. All RCR plasmid genomes consist of a number of basic elements: leading strand initiation and control, lagging strand origin, phenotypic determinants, and mobilization, generally in that order of frequency. RCR has been mainly characterized in Gram-positive bacterial plasmids, although it has also been described in Gram-negative bacterial or archaeal plasmids. Here we aim to provide an overview of the RCR plasmids' lifestyle, with emphasis on their characteristic traits, promiscuity, stability, utility as vectors, etc. While RCR is one of the best-characterized plasmid replication mechanisms, there are still many questions left unanswered, which will be pointed out along the way in this review.