Wrinkled, rippled and crumpled graphene: an overview of formation mechanism, electronic properties, and applications
Wrinkled, rippled and crumpled graphene: an overview of formation mechanism, electronic properties, and applications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mattod.2015.10.002
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
24.2
通讯作者：
Berry, Vikas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng, Shikai;Berry, Vikas
与1D和0 D对应物不同，2D纳米材料（2DN）表现出表面波纹（皱纹和波纹）和褶皱。热振动、边缘不稳定性、结晶不稳定（原子间）相互作用、2D晶体中的应变、热收缩、位错、溶剂捕获、预应变衬底松弛、表面锚固和转移期间的高溶剂表面张力导致在石墨烯上形成褶皱或波纹。这些波纹可以改变石墨烯的电子结构，产生极化载流子池，在双层中诱导伪磁场并改变表面性质。本文概述了皱纹，涟漪和褶皱形成的不同机制，以及皱纹和波纹属性（波长/宽度，振幅/高度，长度/尺寸和弯曲半径）与石墨烯的电子特性和其他机械，光学，表面和化学特性之间的相互作用。还包括波纹诱导的可逆润湿性和透射率在石墨烯，其化学势的调制，增强的能量存储和应变传感通过松弛的波纹的简要讨论。最后，回顾总结了未来的研究领域的二维波纹和褶皱。
Distinctive from their 1D and 0D counterparts, 2D nanomaterials (2DNs) exhibit surface corrugations (wrinkles and ripples) and crumples. Thermal vibrations, edge instabilities, thermodynamically unstable (interatomic) interactions, strain in 2D crystals, thermal contraction, dislocations, solvent trapping, pre-strained substrate-relaxation, surface anchorage and high solvent surface tension during transfer cause wrinkles or ripples to form on graphene. These corrugations on graphene can modify its electronic structure, create polarized carrier puddles, induce pseudomagnetic field in bilayers and alter surface properties. This review outlines the different mechanisms of wrinkle, ripple and crumple formation, and the interplay between wrinkles' and ripples' attributes (wavelength/width, amplitude/height, length/size, and bending radius) and graphene's electronic properties and other mechanical, optical, surface, and chemical properties. Also included are brief discussions on corrugation-induced reversible wettability and transmittance in graphene, modulation of its chemical potential, enhanced energy storage and strain sensing via relaxation of corrugations. Finally, the review summarizes the future areas of research for 2D corrugations and crumples.