COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION OF IMPRESSIONS - EFFECTS OF INCONGRUENCY IN COMPLEX REPRESENTATIONS
COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION OF IMPRESSIONS - EFFECTS OF INCONGRUENCY IN COMPLEX REPRESENTATIONS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.925
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发表时间：
1989-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
WORTH, LT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAMILTON, DL;DRISCOLL, DM;WORTH, LT
两项实验研究了印象形成任务中与多个特征概念相关的期望一致和期望不一致信息的记忆组织。在实验1中，当描述目标人的信息中表示多个特质概念时，反映同一特质概念的一致和不一致的项目都存储在一起并在记忆中直接关联，并且两种类型的项目都被回忆得同样好。在实验2中，当信息中仅表示一种特征概念时，不一致的项目比一致的项目被回忆起来的概率更高，并且后者在记忆中没有直接关联。结果表明，随着刺激信息的类别复杂性不断增加，会调用在更简单的印象形成环境中不会发生的过程。讨论了人记忆理论模型的含义。
Two experiments investigated the organization in memory of expectancy-congruent and expectancy-incongruent information pertaining to multiple trait concepts in an impression-formation task. In Experiment 1, when multiple trait concepts were represented in the information describing the target person, both congruent and incongruent items reflecting the same trait concept were stored together and were directly associated in memory, and both types of items were recalled equally well. In Experiment 2, when only one trait concept was represented in the information, incongruent items were recalled with higher probability than congruent items, and the latter were not directly associated in memory. Results suggest, that with increasing categorical complexity of stimulus information, processes are invoked that do not occur in simpler impression-formation contexts. Implications for theoretical models of person memory are discussed.