Kinematics and end-point control of arm movements are modified by unexpected changes in viscous loading
Kinematics and end-point control of arm movements are modified by unexpected changes in viscous loading
复制标题
手臂运动的运动学和终点控制会因粘性载荷的意外变化而改变
作者：
J. Sanes
进行这些实验，以评估是否运动学和终点控制的学习运动的动态负载的变化，或主要由中央指定的电机程序的影响。人类受试者在一系列运动尺寸的离散视觉跟踪任务中进行手腕屈曲运动。对于某些运动，粘度在运动开始时增加。当粘滞负荷反对运动意外，科目最初超过了预期的目标，所有的运动大小，但只有较小的运动没有持续的超调。意外引入较重的负载更有效地诱导这些行为的变化，最轻的负载并没有改变终点定位。当受试者有视觉指导的性能时，发生负载变化时，意外发生的粘性负载的影响减弱，这表明受试者迅速调整他们的运动策略，这取决于任务的要求和性能。运动反应由粘性负荷变化引起的短潜伏期和长持续时间的肌肉反应介导。虽然触发的肌肉反应较大时，遇到的负载在性能的大，相比，小，动作，较小的肌肉反应影响小动作比大的触发反应做大动作。这表明，触发肌肉反应在某些运动情况下是补偿性的，但在其他情况下是破坏性的。此外，这些研究结果表明，动态负荷特别影响运动学和终点控制的较小的动作，这表明动觉输入和中央运动指令相互作用，使受试者可以实现准确定位某些类别的运动。
These experiments were undertaken to evaluate whether the kinematics and end-point control of learned movements were affected by changes in dynamic loads or were determined largely by centrally specified motor programs. Human subjects performed flexion movements about the wrist in a discrete visual tracking task for a range of movement sizes. For some movements, viscosity was increased at movement onset. When the viscous load opposed movement unexpectedly, subjects initially overshot the intended target for all movement sizes, but only for the smaller movements did the overshoot persist. Unexpected introduction of heavier loads was more effective in inducing these behavioral changes; the lightest loads did not alter end-point positioning. When subjects had visual guidance about performance when load changes occurred, the effect of the unexpected occurrences of viscous loads was diminished, suggesting that subjects rapidly adjusted their movement strategy, depending on task demands and performance. The movement responses were mediated by short-latency and long-duration muscle responses triggered by the change in viscous loading. Although the triggered muscle responses were larger when the loads were encountered during performance of large, in comparison to small, movements, smaller muscle responses affected small movements more than large triggered responses did large movements. This suggests that triggered muscle responses are compensatory in certain movement situations but disruptive in others. In addition, these findings demonstrated that dynamic loads especially affect the kinematics and end-point control of smaller movements, suggesting that kinesthetic inputs and central motor commands interact so subjects may achieve accurate positioning for certain classes of movements.
人体肘屈肌的等距扭矩-角度关系和运动相关活动：对平衡点假设的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Experimentation cerebrale
影响因子：
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作者：
Hasan,Z;Enoka,RM
通讯作者：
Enoka,RM