Ethnic Heterogeneity and Public Support for Welfare: Is the American Experience Replicated in Britain, Sweden and Denmark?
Ethnic Heterogeneity and Public Support for Welfare: Is the American Experience Replicated in Britain, Sweden and Denmark?
复制标题
种族异质性和公众对福利的支持：美国的经验是否会在英国、瑞典和丹麦复制？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Larsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Larsen
种族异质性和公众支持福利政策之间的联系是有争议的。消极关系的论点得到了许多美国研究的支持。从历史上看，种族问题阻碍了美国的一些福利计划;在美国，种族异质的州没有那么慷慨的福利，对黑人持负面态度的公民经常反对福利。研究的问题是：在何种程度上增加种族异质性在欧洲国家建立相同的机制？三个理论立场进行了讨论：美国的经验是独特的位置;的位置，它是概括性的;和一个中间位置，它是偶然的制度设置。后一种立场预测，美国的经验是可以避免的，特别是在社会民主福利制度中，种族问题尚未政治化。从经验上讲，这篇文章是基于英国、瑞典和丹麦的调查数据，其中一些美国项目是直接复制的。尽管有迹象表明美国的独特性和福利制度的影响，研究结果支持的立场，在美国发现的组内/组外机制正在欧洲复制。
The link between ethnic heterogeneity and public support for welfare policy is debated. The thesis of a negative relationship is supported by much American research. Historically the race issue has blocked a number of American welfare schemes; across the United States ethnically heterogeneous states have less generous benefits, and citizens having negative attitudes towards blacks often oppose welfare. The research question is: To what extent will increased ethnic heterogeneity in European countries establish the same mechanisms? Three theoretical positions are discussed: the position that the American experience is unique; the position that it is generalisable; and a middle position of it being contingent on institutional settings. The latter position predicts that the American experience can be avoided, especially in social democratic welfare regimes where the ethnicity issue has not been politicised. Empirically the article is based on survey data from the United Kingdom, Sweden and Denmark, in which a number of American items were directly replicated. Despite indications of American uniqueness and welfare-regime effects, the findings support the position that the in-group/out-group mechanisms found in the United States are being replicated in Europe.