Effect of environmental temperature on in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in ginbuna crucian carp (Carassius auratus langsdorfii)
Effect of environmental temperature on in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in ginbuna crucian carp (Carassius auratus langsdorfii)
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DOI：
10.1006/fsim.1998.0176
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Nakanishi, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, U;Ototake, M;Nakanishi, T
鱼类属于变温脊椎动物，其细胞和体液免疫反应等重要功能受环境温度的影响。Weiss和Avtalion（1977）首次提出鲤鱼辅助记忆成熟在低温下比抗体合成更受抑制。在通道鲶鱼中，发现低温下体液免疫的抑制是由于对T辅助细胞而不是B细胞的抑制作用（Clem et al., 1984; Miller & Clem, 1984; Bly & Clem, 1991; Vallejo et al., 1992），并且作为T辅助细胞功能的体外测试的混合白细胞反应在低温下被抑制（Miller et al., 1986）。细胞介导的细胞毒性（CMC）包括非特异性和特异性反应。非特异性细胞毒性细胞（NCC; Evans & Jaso-Friedmann, 1992）的功能相当于哺乳动物的自然杀伤（NK）细胞，在鱼类中被温度检测（Kurata等人，1995；LeMorvan-Rocher等人，1995；Pettey和McKinney， 1983）。在高等脊椎动物中，特异性CMC是由细胞毒性T细胞执行的。细胞毒性T细胞主要通过其T细胞受体和CD8分子与所有细胞上表达的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）的相互作用来识别其他细胞。如果MHC不相容，例如同种异体细胞，或者与MHC一起表达的肽是外来的，这些细胞将被特定的细胞毒性细胞杀死。鱼类在低温条件下，对半抗原修饰的同基因细胞的特异性细胞毒性（Verlhac等，1990）和同种异体移植排斥反应（Hildemann, 1957; Rijkers, 1982; Nakanishi, 1985）受到抑制。然而，尚未清楚地证明主要是辅助细胞还是细胞毒性细胞受到抑制。体外实验表明，CMC对异体鱼细胞具有特异性（Fischer等，1998a）。在这个体外实验中，主要涉及特定的细胞毒性细胞。细胞毒性细胞的产生是通过同种异体移植致敏供体鱼在体内进行的。原代抗原识别、抗原加工、抗原呈递和细胞毒性细胞增殖在致敏过程中已经完成。因此，本实验是研究温度对特定细胞毒性细胞影响的良好工具。
Fish belong to the poikilothermic vertebrates and vital functions including cellular and humoral immune responses are influenced by environmental temperature. Weiss and Avtalion (1977) first suggested that in carp helper memory maturation is more suppressed at low temperatures than antibody synthesis. In channel catfish, suppression of humoral immunity at low temperature was found to be a result of inhibitory e# ect on T helper cells rather than B cells (Clem et al., 1984; Miller & Clem, 1984; Bly & Clem, 1991; Vallejo et al., 1992), and mixed leucocyte reaction as an in vitro test for T helper cell function is suppressed at low temperature (Miller et al., 1986). Cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) includes non-specific and specific reactions. Non-specific cytotoxic cells (NCC; Evans & Jaso-Friedmann, 1992), the functional equivalent to mammalian natural killer (NK) cells, are a# ected by temperature in fish (Kurata et al., 1995; LeMorvan-Rocher et al., 1995; Pettey & McKinney, 1983). Specific CMC is performed by cytotoxic T cells in higher vertebrates. Cytotoxic T cells recognise other cells mainly by the interaction of their T cell receptor and CD8 molecules with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expressed on all cells. If the MHC is incompatible, eg in the case of allogeneic cells, or if the peptide expressed together with the MHC is foreign, those cells will undergo killing by specific cytotoxic cells. Specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity against hapten modified syngeneic cells (Verlhac et al., 1990) and allograft rejection (Hildemann, 1957; Rijkers, 1982; Nakanishi, 1985) is suppressed at low temperature in fish. However, it has not been demonstrated clearly whether mainly helper cells or cytotoxic cells are suppressed. Specific CMC against allogeneic fish cells has been shown in vitro (Fischer et al., 1998a). In this in vitro assay mainly specific cytotoxic cells are involved. The generation of cytotoxic cells is performed in vivo by sensitisation of donor fish using allogeneic grafting. Primary antigen recognition, antigen processing, antigen presentation and proliferation of cytotoxic cells is already completed during sensitisation. Thus, this assay is a good tool to study the influence of temperature on specific cytotoxic cells.