MicroRNAs: Biomarkers, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics
MicroRNAs: Biomarkers, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-7046-9_4
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Huang, Weili
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Weili
MicroRNA（miRNAs）是一类长度为21-23个核苷酸的非编码小RNA，在翻译或翻译后水平调控基因表达。主要的调节机制包括翻译抑制或mRNA降解（Filipowicz等人，Curr Opin Struct Biol 15：331-341，2005）。已经发现miRNA的异常表达与多种人类疾病相关，例如癌症/肿瘤、糖尿病、病毒感染、心血管疾病、神经变性疾病和其他疾病（Wang et al.，J Cell Physiol 23：25-30，2016; Lawrie，MicroRNAs in medicine，2013）。miRNA的表达是组织特异性的，并且可用于鉴定肿瘤类型及其起源（Mishra和梅尔利诺，J Clin Invest 119：2119-2123，2009）。许多研究表明，miRNA表达谱是多种人类疾病的新的诊断和预后生物标志物。操纵相关的miRNA表达或功能可能成为不同疾病的潜在治疗策略。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (21-23 nucleotides in length) that regulate gene expression at translational or posttranslational levels. The major regulatory mechanisms include translational repression or mRNA degradation (Filipowicz et al., Curr Opin Struct Biol 15: 331-341, 2005).Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been found to be associated with a variety of human diseases such as cancers/tumors, diabetes, viral infections, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and other diseases (Wang et al., J Cell Physiol 23: 25-30, 2016; Lawrie, MicroRNAs in medicine, 2013). The expression of miRNAs is tissue specific and can be used to identify tumor type and its origin (Mishra and Merlino, J Clin Invest 119: 2119-2123, 2009). Many investigations suggest that the miRNA-expression profiles are novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for multiple human diseases. Manipulating relevant miRNA expression or function may serve as potential therapeutic strategies for different diseases.