Genetic and phenotypic diversity of autochthonous cider yeasts in a cellar from Asturias.
Genetic and phenotypic diversity of autochthonous cider yeasts in a cellar from Asturias.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fm.2009.11.018
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
R. P. Bedriñana;A. Q. Simón;B. S. Valles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. P. Bedriñana;A. Q. Simón;B. S. Valles
本文分析了阿斯图里亚斯苹果酒生产过程中酵母菌的多样性和动态。酵母菌从苹果汁中分离出来，并在不同阶段的发酵在地窖中Villaviciosa在两个阿斯图里亚斯苹果酒，苹果收获。ITS-RFLP鉴定的菌种分别为瓦尔比汉逊孢子菌、葡萄酒汉逊孢子菌、梅奇尼科瓦酵母、季也蒙毕赤酵母、近平滑假丝酵母、酿酒酵母和贝酵母/巴斯德酵母/库氏酵母/米氏酵母。C.苹果酒中的近平滑病是首次报道。酵母菌mtDNA模式的分析表明，巨大的多样性，顺序取代和少量的酵母模式（多达8个）的存在下，目前在两个收获。Killer（模式编号）22′和47），敏感（模式编号。12、15、33和61）和中性表型。以熊果苷为唯一碳源，检测β-葡萄糖苷酶活性，发现两株S. cerevisiae菌株（模式编号3′和19′）通过这种酶活性进行区分。首次报道了在本地苹果酒酵母中产生杀伤毒素或具有β-葡萄糖苷酶活性的酵母菌株。
This paper analyses yeast diversity and dynamics during the production of Asturian cider. Yeasts were isolated from apple juice and at different stages of fermentation in a cellar in Villaviciosa during two Asturian cider-apple harvests. The species identified by ITS-RFLP corresponded to Hanseniaspora valbyensis, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Pichia guilliermondii, Candida parapsilosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus/Saccharomyces pastorianus/Saccharomyces kudriavzevii/Saccharomyces mikatae. The species C. parapsilosis is reported here for the first time in cider. The analysis of Saccharomyces mtDNA patterns showed great diversity, sequential substitution and the presence of a small number of yeast patterns (up to 8), present in both harvests. Killer (patterns nos. 22′ and 47), sensitive (patterns nos. 12, 15, 33 and 61) and neutral phenotypes were found among the S. cerevisiae isolates. The detection of β-glucosidase activity, with arbutin as the sole carbon source, allowed two S. cerevisiae strains (patterns nos. 3′ and 19′) to be differentiated by means of this enzymatic activity. Yeast strains producing the killer toxin or with β-glucosidase activity are reported for the first time in autochthonous cider yeasts.