Biomechanical adaptations of transtibial amputee sprinting in athletes using dedicated prostheses
Biomechanical adaptations of transtibial amputee sprinting in athletes using dedicated prostheses
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DOI：
10.1016/s0268-0033(99)00094-7
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Buckley, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buckley, JG
客观的。确定世界上两名最好的小腿截肢运动员在短跑时假肢和健全肢体的生物力学适应性。设计。案例研究设计，重复测量。背景。使用专用的短跑假肢，小腿截肢者在 11 秒多一点的时间内跑完了 100 m。以前尚未研究过使用此类假肢时的下肢生物力学。方法。当受试者使用 Sprint Flex 或 Cheetah 假肢进行重复的最大冲刺试验时，计算了假肢和健全肢体的关节处所做的力矩、肌肉力量和机械功。结果。使用任一假肢的受试者 1 最显着的适应是假肢上髋部伸展力矩的增加，以及随之而来的向心做功量的增加。在受试者 2 中，使用任一假肢时最显着的适应是残余膝关节的伸展力矩增加，以及随之而来的总做功量的增加。当受试者 1 使用他的 Sprint Flex 假肢时，这种后来的适应也很明显。结论。先前已证明，假肢上髋部工作的增加是允许经胫骨截肢者跑步的主要代偿机制。残余膝盖的工作量增加表明，两名截肢短跑运动员使用了额外的补偿机制。
Objective. To determine the biomechanical adaptations of the prosthetic and sound limbs in two of the world's best transtibial amputee athletes whilst sprinting.Design. Case study design, repeated measures.Background. Using dedicated sprint prostheses transtibial amputees have run the 100 m in a little over 11 s. Lower-limb biomechanics when using such prostheses have not previously been investigated.Methods. Moments, muscle powers and the mechanical work done at the joints of the prosthetic and sound limbs were calculated as subjects performed repeated maximal sprint trials using a Sprint Flex or Cheetah prosthesis.Results. An increased hip extension moment on the prosthetic limb, with an accompanying increase in the amount of concentric work done, was the most notable adaptation in Subject 1 using either prosthesis. In Subject 2, an increased extension moment at the residual knee, and an accompanying increase in the amount of total work done, was the most notable adaptation using either prosthesis. This later adaptation was also evident in Subject 1 when using his Sprint Flex prosthesis.Conclusions. Increased hip work on the prosthetic limb has previously been shown to be the major compensatory mechanism that allow transtibial amputees to run. The increased work found at the residual knee, suggests that the two amputee sprinters used an additional compensatory mechanism.