Neutral Competition for Drosophila Follicle and Cyst Stem Cell Niches Requires Vesicle Trafficking Genes.
Neutral Competition for Drosophila Follicle and Cyst Stem Cell Niches Requires Vesicle Trafficking Genes.
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.117.201202
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Nystul T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook MS;Cazin C;Amoyel M;Yamamoto S;Bach E;Nystul T
干细胞的生态位竞争是一个常见的过程，但人们对其了解甚少.理解的一个障碍是缺乏有用的生态位竞争等位基因。在...通过竞争选择细胞健康的过程在发育和疾病中起着关键作用。果蝇卵巢的生殖区是卵巢管顶端的一个结构，含有两个卵泡干细胞（FSC），它们进行中性竞争以获得干细胞龛。使用FSC作为模型，我们通过X染色体上必需基因的126个突变体的集合进行了遗传筛选，以确定增加或减少FSC小生境竞争的候选者。我们确定了55%和6%的突变筛选为假定的FSC低或高竞争者，分别。我们发现，大多数囊泡运输基因的突变（13个突变体中的11个）是候选的低竞争等位基因，我们证实了这些等位基因中的4个的低竞争表型。我们还表明，Sec16和另一个COPII囊泡运输组件，Sar1，所需的卵泡细胞分化。最后，我们证明，虽然囊泡贩运的一些组件也需要中性竞争的睾丸囊肿干细胞，有重要的组织特异性差异。我们的研究结果表明，囊泡贩运干细胞的利基竞争和分化的关键作用，我们确定了一些假定的候选人进行进一步探索。
Stem cell niche competition a common but poorly understood process. One impediment to understanding is a lack of useful niche competition alleles. In... The process of selecting for cellular fitness through competition plays a critical role in both development and disease. The germarium, a structure at the tip of the ovariole of a Drosophila ovary, contains two follicle stem cells (FSCs) that undergo neutral competition for the stem cell niche. Using the FSCs as a model, we performed a genetic screen through a collection of 126 mutants in essential genes on the X chromosome to identify candidates that increase or decrease competition for the FSC niche. We identified ∼55 and 6% of the mutations screened as putative FSC hypo- or hyper-competitors, respectively. We found that a large majority of mutations in vesicle trafficking genes (11 out of the 13 in the collection of mutants) are candidate hypo-competition alleles, and we confirmed the hypo-competition phenotype for four of these alleles. We also show that Sec16 and another COPII vesicle trafficking component, Sar1, are required for follicle cell differentiation. Lastly, we demonstrate that, although some components of vesicle trafficking are also required for neutral competition in the cyst stem cells of the testis, there are important tissue-specific differences. Our results demonstrate a critical role for vesicle trafficking in stem cell niche competition and differentiation, and we identify a number of putative candidates for further exploration.