SPEAKING CLEARLY FOR THE HARD-OF-HEARING .2. ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CLEAR AND CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH
SPEAKING CLEARLY FOR THE HARD-OF-HEARING .2. ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CLEAR AND CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH
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DOI：
10.1044/jshr.2904.434
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发表时间：
1986-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BRAIDA, LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PICHENY, MA;DURLACH, NI;BRAIDA, LD
这一系列的第一篇论文（Picheny，Durlach和Braida，1985）提出了证据，证明对于听力受损的听众来说，以对话方式说出的无意义句子和努力产生清晰的语音之间存在着实质性的可理解性差异。在本文中，我们报告的会话和清晰的语音进行声学分析的结果。这些结果如下。首先，在清晰的语音中，语速大幅下降。这种减少是通过在单词之间插入停顿和延长单个语音的持续时间来实现的。第二，两者在观察到的物候现象的数量和类型上存在差异。在会话中，元音被修改或减少，并且单词结尾的停止突发通常不会释放。在清晰的语音中，元音被修改的程度较小，而塞音爆发，以及基本上所有的单词结尾的辅音，都被释放。第三，阻塞音，特别是塞音的RMS强度在清晰语音中比在常规语音中更大。最后，长期光谱的变化很小。因此，清晰地说话不能被视为等同于高频强调的应用。
The first paper of this series (Picheny, Durlach, and Braida, 1985) presented evidence that there are substantial intelligibility differences for hearing-impaired listeners between nonsense sentences spoken in a conversational manner and spoken with the effort to produce clear speech. In this paper, we report the results of acoustic analyses performed on the conversational and clear speech. Among these results are the following. First, speaking rate decreases substantially in clear speech. This decrease is achieved both by inserting pauses between words and by lengthening the durations of individual speech sounds. Second, there are differences between the two, speaking modes in the numbers and types of phenological phenomena observed. In conversational speech, vowels are modified or reduced, and word-final stop bursts are often not released. In clear speech, vowels are modified to a lesser extent, and stop bursts, as well as essentially all word-final consonants, are released. Third, the RMS intensities for obstruent sounds, particularly stop consonants, is greater in clear speech than in conventional speech. Finally, changes in the long-term spectrum are small. Thus, speaking clearly cannot be regarded as equivalent to the application of high-frequency emphasis.