‘Shared job strain’: A new approach for assessing the validity of job stress measurements
‘Shared job strain’: A new approach for assessing the validity of job stress measurements
复制标题
“共享工作压力”：评估工作压力测量有效性的新方法
DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-8325.1996.tb00616.x
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
S. Greif
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Semmer;D. Zapf;S. Greif
虽然工作压力自我报告措施的问题早已被认识到，但更“客观”的措施的问题往往被低估。在结构方程模型中结合两者可以产生更有效的估计，但与健康或压力指标的相关性很少超过 0.30。为了确定这是由于工具有效性不足还是由于幸福感的多原因病因，引入了“共同工作压力”的概念。这是一个潜变量，以两名从事同一工作的工人的个体紧张症状作为指标。因此，它代表了这两名工人共有的压力，而真正的个体差异被消除了。因此，它与工作压力源的相关性应该比个体紧张症状的相关性高得多。为了估计压力源，两名工人和两名独立观察员的自我报告被用作指标。四种压力源解释了“共同工作压力”中三分之二的差异。结论是：(a) 根据自我报告和观察指标估计潜在的工作压力源可产生高度有效的测量结果，(b) 实质性论点得到支持。可以用工作压力源来解释的总紧张症状的差异可能有 15% 至 20% 的上限。
While problems of self-report measures of work stress have long been recognized, those of more ‘objective’ measures are often underestimated. Combining both in structural equation models yields more valid estimates, yet correlations with indicators of well-being or strain rarely exceed .30. To decide whether this is due to insufficient validity of instruments or to the multi-causal aetiology of well-being, the concept of ‘shared job strain’ is introduced. This is a latent variable, with individual symptoms of strain of two workers holding the same job as indicators. Thus, it represents the strain that these two workers have in common, while truly individual variance is removed. It should, therefore, show much higher correlations with job stressors than do individual symptoms of strain. To estimate stressors, self-reports of the two workers and of two independent observers are used as indicators. Four stressors explained two-thirds of the variance in ‘shared job strain’. It is concluded (a) that estimating latent job stressors on the basis of self-report and observer indicators yields highly valid measurement and (b) that the substantive argument is supported. There probably is an upper limit of 15 to 20 per cent variance in total strain symptoms that can be explained by job stressors.