Dietary innovations spurred the diversification of ruminants during the Caenozoic
Dietary innovations spurred the diversification of ruminants during the Caenozoic
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2013.2746
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发表时间：
2014-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Mooers, Arne O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantalapiedra, Juan L.;FitzJohn, Richard G.;Mooers, Arne O.
全球气候变化和生态灵活性是两个主要因素，可能会影响物种形成和灭绝的速度跨分支。在这里，我们连接过去的气候变化的反刍哺乳动物的饮食和多样化的动态。使用新版本的多状态物种形成和灭绝模型，我们探讨了最有可能的情况下，在这个分支的饮食之间的进化过渡，并询问是否反刍动物谱系与不同的喂养方式（浏览，放牧和混合喂养）经历了不同的多样化率伴随着全球温度的变化。性状变化的最佳模式是通过混合喂养从浏览器到食草动物的过渡，以及从放牧和混合喂养的过渡率。多样化率在混合饲养和食草动物血统跟踪古温度曲线，表现出较高的利率在中新世热极大。兼性混合食性和放牧状态的起源可能触发了两次适应性辐射，一次发生在渐新世-中新世过渡期，另一次发生在中新世中晚期。我们对牛科和鹿科的基础谱系的混合饮食的估计与化石证据是一致的，而对一些贫困的分支-长颈鹿科和鹿科-的浏览器祖先的重建则不是。我们的研究结果提供了基于模型的新生物学支持，以前的古生物学研究结果和化石为基础的假说，强调饮食创新的重要性，特别是混合喂养，在反刍动物的成功在新近纪。
Global climate shifts and ecological flexibility are two major factors that may affect rates of speciation and extinction across clades. Here, we connect past climate to changes in diet and diversification dynamics of ruminant mammals. Using novel versions of Multi-State Speciation and Extinction models, we explore the most likely scenarios for evolutionary transitions among diets in this clade and ask whether ruminant lineages with different feeding styles (browsing, grazing and mixed feeding) underwent differential rates of diversification concomitant with global temperature change. The best model of trait change had transitions from browsers to grazers via mixed feeding, with appreciable rates of transition to and from grazing and mixed feeding. Diversification rates in mixed-feeder and grazer lineages tracked the palaeotemperature curve, exhibiting higher rates during the Miocene thermal maxima. The origination of facultative mixed diet and grazing states may have triggered two adaptive radiations-one during the Oligocene-Miocene transition and the other during Middle-to-Late Miocene. Our estimate of mixed diets for basal lineages of both bovids and cervids is congruent with fossil evidence, while the reconstruction of browser ancestors for some impoverished clades-Giraffidae and Tragulidae-is not. Our results offer model-based neontological support to previous palaeontological findings and fossil-based hypothesis highlighting the importance of dietary innovations-especially mixed feeding-in the success of ruminants during the Neogene.