The Role of Ease of Retrieval and Attribution in Memory Judgments: Judging Your Memory as Worse Despite Recalling More Events
The Role of Ease of Retrieval and Attribution in Memory Judgments: Judging Your Memory as Worse Despite Recalling More Events
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检索和归因的难易程度在记忆判断中的作用：尽管回忆起更多事件，但仍判断自己的记忆力更差
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Belli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Winkielman;N. Schwarz;R. Belli
要回忆12件童年事件（一项困难的任务）的参与者比要回忆4件事件（一项简单的任务）的参与者更有可能推断出他们不记得童年的大部分，尽管前者回忆的事件是后者的三倍。这种模式的结果表明，记忆判断是基于经验的容易或困难的回忆。因此，当参与者被引导将经历的困难归因于任务而不是他们的记忆质量差时，回忆12个事件的负面影响就会减弱。研究结果强调了主观经验和归因在元记忆判断中的作用。
Participants who had to recall 12 childhood events (a difficult task) were more likely to infer that they could not remember large parts of their childhood than participants who had to recall 4 events (an easy task), although the former recalled three times as many events. This pattern of results suggests that memory judgments are based on the experienced ease or difficulty of recall. Accordingly, the negative impact of recalling 12 events was attenuated when participants were led to attribute the experienced difficulty to the task rather than to the poor quality of their memory. The findings emphasize the role of subjective experiences and attribution in metamemory judgments.