Playing out Liem's Paradox: Opportunistic Piscivory across Lake Tanganyikan Cichlids
Playing out Liem's Paradox: Opportunistic Piscivory across Lake Tanganyikan Cichlids
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DOI：
10.1086/704169
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wagner, Catherine E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golcher-Benavides, Jimena;Wagner, Catherine E.
营养专化是慈鲷鱼适应辐射多样性的一个重要特征。然而，K. F. Liem观察到，即使是具有高度专门化的营养形态的物种也具有饮食灵活性，使它们能够机会主义地利用偶发性食物资源。饮食灵活性的证据主要来自实验室研究，目前还不清楚慈鲷鱼在野外是否会发生饮食变化。我们报告的观察饮食切换的多个慈鲷科鱼类在坦噶尼喀湖作为一个不寻常的浓度的结果，上学的青少年鲱。不同程度的营养专业化的鱼类聚集在一个单一的猎物：少年沙丁鱼，也是特有的坦噶尼喀湖（Stolothrissa tanganicae和Limnothrissa miodon）。我们提供的证据作为杰克的所有行业的慈鲷科鱼类，并讨论了这一证据的框架中的Liem的经典悖论：营养专业化并不排除饮食的灵活性。
Trophic specialization is a key feature of the diversity of cichlid fish adaptive radiations. However, K. F. Liem observed that even species with highly specialized trophic morphologies have dietary flexibility, enabling them to exploit episodic food resources opportunistically. Evidence for dietary flexibility comes largely from laboratory studies, and it is unclear whether cichlid fishes undergo diet shifts in the wild. We report observations of diet switching by multiple cichlid species in Lake Tanganyika as a consequence of unusual concentrations of schooling juvenile clupeid fishes. Fish species with varying degrees of trophic specialization converged on a single prey: juvenile sardines that are also endemic to Lake Tanganyika (Stolothrissa tanganicae and Limnothrissa miodon). We provide evidence for cichlid species acting as jacks-of-all-trades and discuss this evidence in the framework of Liem's classic paradox: that trophic specialization does not preclude dietary flexibility.