Posttranslational protein modifications
Posttranslational protein modifications
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DOI：
10.1097/01.ccm.0000191712.96336.51
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Jenkins, LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, RSB;Bayir, H;Jenkins, LW
有> 300种不同的蛋白质翻译后修饰（PTM），其包括诸如蛋白水解、磷酸化、脂化、S-亚硝基化、硝化、氧化、糖基化、甲基化、腺苷二磷酸（ADP）-核糖基化、酰化（乙酰化、异戊二烯化、肉豆蔻酰化）、泛素化、sumoylation、硫酸化、法尼基化等多种过程（1）。PTM改变蛋白质的大小、电荷、结构和构象。结果，蛋白质的特性，如酶活性、结合亲和力和蛋白质疏水性，被改变。PTM不仅可以直接改变蛋白质的功能，还可以通过导致细胞区室化、隔离、降解、消除和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用来间接影响功能（图1）。单个蛋白质可以经历多个和不同的PTM。
There are> 300 different protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), which include such diverse processes as proteolysis, phosphorylation, lipidation, S-nitrosylation, nitration, oxidation, glycosylation, methylation, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation, acylation (acetylation, isoprenylation, myristoylation), ubiquitination, sumoylation, sulfation, farnesylation, and many, many others (1). PTMs change the size, charge, structure and conformation of proteins. As a result, characteristics of proteins, such as enzyme activity, binding affinity, and protein hydrophobicity, are altered. PTMs cannot only directly change the proteins’ function but also indirectly affect function by leading to cell compartmentalization, sequestration, degradation, elimination, and protein–protein interactions (Fig. 1). Individual proteins can undergo multiple and different PTMs.