Orphan nuclear receptor function in the ovary
Orphan nuclear receptor function in the ovary
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DOI：
10.2741/2321
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Lan, Zi-Jian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao, Huajun;Li, Zili;Lan, Zi-Jian
孤儿核受体如生殖细胞核因子（GCNF）、类固醇生成因子1（SF-1）和肝受体同源物1（LRH-1），正在成为调节雌性生殖的重要卵巢因子。在卵巢内，GCNF（NR 6A 1）的表达仅限于卵母细胞，而SF-1（NR 5A 1）仅在体细胞中表达，如颗粒细胞、卵泡膜细胞和黄体细胞以及间质细胞。LRH-1（NR 5A 2）是一种与SF-1密切相关的孤儿受体，仅在卵泡的颗粒细胞和卵巢内的黄体细胞中表达。最近的研究使用条件性敲除策略绕过GCNF和SF-1基因敲除小鼠的胚胎致死性，发现了GCNF和SF-1在卵母细胞和颗粒细胞中的重要作用。本文就GCNF和SF-1基因敲除小鼠卵巢中GCNF和SF-1的研究进展作一综述。LRH-1在卵巢中的潜在作用也进行了简要讨论。了解这些孤儿核受体的卵巢功能可能会导致开发新的药物来调节女性生育能力和治疗女性特发性不孕症，卵巢早衰，多囊卵巢综合征和卵巢癌的新药。
Orphan nuclear receptors such as germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF), steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1), are emerging as important ovarian factors in regulating female reproduction. Within the ovary, GCNF (NR6A1) expression is restricted to the oocyte, while SF-1 (NR5A1) is expressed only in the somatic cells, such as granulosa, thecal and luteal cells, and interstitial cells. LRH-1 (NR5A2), an orphan receptor closely related to SF-1, is expressed only in the granulosa cells of the follicles and luteal cells within the ovary. Recent studies using conditional knockout strategies to bypass the embryonic lethality of GCNF and SF-1 null mice have uncovered important roles of GCNF and SF-1 in the oocyte and granulosa cells, respectively. In this review, we will summarize the major findings of GCNF and SF-1 in the ovary from the studies of conditional GCNF and SF-1 knockout mice. The potential role of LRH-1 in the ovary is also briefly discussed. Understanding the ovarian functions of these orphan nuclear receptors may lead to the development of new agents for regulation of female fertility and new medicines for the treatment of female idiopathic infertility, premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovarian syndrome and ovarian cancer.