Receptors and ligands implicated in human T cell costimulatory processes
Receptors and ligands implicated in human T cell costimulatory processes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.imlet.2009.11.009
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发表时间：
2010-02-16
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Steinberger, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leitner, Judith;Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina;Steinberger, Peter
已经确定的是，完全激活识别抗原的T细胞需要额外的信号。这些第二信号是由抗原提呈细胞上表达的共刺激配体与T细胞上的受体相互作用产生的。此外，T细胞活化过程受到抑制性共刺激途径的负调控。B7和TNF超家族成员与CD28和TNF- r超家族成员的相互作用在共刺激过程中起主要作用。然而，大量不属于这些家族的分子已被报道参与T细胞共刺激信号的产生。除了明确定义的共刺激通路（其中受体和配体都是已知的）之外，还有许多T细胞表面分子被描述为在某些实验条件下产生第二信号，例如当与抗体结合时。此外，有几种配体已被证明通过与尚未知的T细胞受体相互作用来积极或消极地调节T细胞活化。在这里，我们给出了与人类T细胞激活过程有关的分子的全面概述，并提出了定义真正的T细胞共刺激途径的标准。(C) 2009 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
It is well established that full activation of T cells that recognize antigens requires additional signals. These second signals are generated by the interaction of costimulatory ligands expressed on antigen presenting cells with their receptors on T cells. In addition, T cell activation processes are negatively regulated by inhibitory costimulatory pathways. Interaction of members of the B7 and the TNF superfamilies with members of the CD28 and TNF-R-superfamilies plays major roles in costimulatory processes. However, a large number of molecules that do not belong to these families have been reported to be involved in the generation of T cell costimulatory signals. In addition to well-defined costimulatory pathways, where both receptors and ligands are known, there are many T cell surface molecules that have been described to generate a second signal under certain experimental conditions, f.i. when ligated with antibodies. Furthermore there are several ligands that have been shown to positively or negatively modulate T cell activation by interacting with as of yet unknown T cell receptors. Here we give a comprehensive overview of molecules that have been implicated in human T cell activation processes and propose criteria that define genuine T cell costimulatory pathways. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved