Heightened Innate Immune Responses in the Respiratory Tract of COVID-19 Patients
Heightened Innate Immune Responses in the Respiratory Tract of COVID-19 Patients
复制标题
COVID-19 患者呼吸道的先天免疫反应增强
DOI：
10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.017
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发表时间：
2020-06-10
影响因子：
30.3
通讯作者：
Wang, Jianwei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhou, Zhuo;Ren, Lili;Wang, Jianwei
由SARS-CoV-2感染引起的2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情对全球公共卫生构成严重威胁。目前还不清楚人类免疫系统如何应对这种感染。在这里，我们使用元转录组测序来分析8例COVID-19病例支气管肺泡灌洗液中的免疫特征。与社区获得性肺炎患者和健康对照组相比，COVID-19病例中促炎基因（尤其是趋化因子）的表达显著升高，表明SARS-CoV-2感染导致高细胞因子血症。与SARS-CoV相比，SARS-CoV被认为诱导干扰素（IFN）反应不足，SARS-CoV-2强烈触发了许多IFN刺激基因（ISG）的表达。这些ISG表现出免疫致病潜力，与炎症相关的基因的过度表达。转录组数据还用于估计免疫细胞群体，揭示了活化的树突状细胞和中性粒细胞的增加。总的来说，这些宿主对SARS-CoV-2感染的反应可以进一步加深我们对疾病发病机制的理解，并指向抗病毒策略。
The outbreaks of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection have posed a severe threat to global public health. It is unclear how the human immune system responds to this infection. Here, we used metatranscriptomic sequencing to profile immune signatures in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of eight COVID-19 cases. The expression of proinflammatory genes, especially chemokines, was markedly elevated in COVID-19 cases compared to community-acquired pneumonia patients and healthy controls, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes hypercytokinemia. Compared to SARS-CoV, which is thought to induce inadequate interferon (IFN) responses, SARS-CoV-2 robustly triggered expression of numerous IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs exhibit immunopathogenic potential, with overrepresentation of genes involved in inflammation. The transcriptome data was also used to estimate immune cell populations, revealing increases in activated dendritic cells and neutrophils. Collectively, these host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection could further our understanding of disease pathogenesis and point toward antiviral strategies.