PLANET FORMATION IN HIGHLY INCLINED BINARY SYSTEMS. I. PLANETESIMALS JUMP INWARD AND PILE UP

PLANET FORMATION IN HIGHLY INCLINED BINARY SYSTEMS. I. PLANETESIMALS JUMP INWARD AND PILE UP
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高倾斜双星系统中的行星形成。

DOI:
10.1088/0004-637x/735/1/10
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Ge Jian
Ge Jian
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xie Ji-Wei;Payne Matthew J.;Thebault Philippe;Zhou Ji-Lin;Ge Jian

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大多数检测到的行星双星都处于宽轨道上,双星轨道平面和主行星周围的行星盘平面之间的高倾角 iB 可能很常见。在本文中,我们研究了在这种高度倾斜的情况下行星形成的中间阶段——从星子到行星胚胎/核心。我们的重点是气体阻力对星子轨道演化的影响,特别是对星子半长轴分布及其相互相对速度的演化的影响。我们首先证明,非演化轴对称圆盘模型是研究高度倾斜情况(30° < iB < 150°)下气体阻力对微行星的影响的一个很好的近似。然后我们发现气体阻力起着至关重要的作用,并且根据 iB 的具体值,结果通常可以分为两类,即 Kozai-on 体系和 Kozai-off 体系。对于这两种情况,在广泛的参数范围内的一个强有力的结果是,星子向内迁移/跳跃并堆积,导致主星周围出现严重截断且致密的星子盘。在这个致密而致密的圆盘中,碰撞率很高,但相对速度很低,这提供了有利于星子生长的条件,并有可能允许随后形成行星。
Most detected planet-bearing binaries are in wide orbits, for which a high inclination, iB, between the binary orbital plane and the plane of the planetary disk around the primary is likely to be common. In this paper, we investigate the intermediate stages—from planetesimals to planetary embryos/cores—of planet formation in such highly inclined cases. Our focus is on the effects of gas drag on the planetesimals’ orbital evolution, in particular on the evolution of the planetesimals’ semimajor axis distribution and their mutual relative velocities. We first demonstrate that a non-evolving axisymmetric disk model is a good approximation for studying the effects of gas drag on a planetesimal in the highly inclined case (30° < iB < 150°). We then find that gas drag plays a crucial role, and the results can be generally divided into two categories, i.e., the Kozai-on regime and the Kozai-off regime, depending on the specific value of iB. For both regimes, a robust outcome over a wide range of parameters is that planetesimals migrate/jump inward and pile up, leading to a severely truncated and dense planetesimal disk around the primary. In this compact and dense disk, collision rates are high but relative velocities are low, providing conditions that are favorable for planetesimal growth and potentially allow for the subsequent formation of planets.
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