MEMORY FOR INTERNALLY GENERATED WORDS IN ALZHEIMER-TYPE DEMENTIA - BREAKDOWN IN ENCODING AND SEMANTIC MEMORY
MEMORY FOR INTERNALLY GENERATED WORDS IN ALZHEIMER-TYPE DEMENTIA - BREAKDOWN IN ENCODING AND SEMANTIC MEMORY
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DOI：
10.1016/0278-2626(89)90046-8
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
SANDS, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DICK, MB;KEAN, ML;SANDS, D
“生成效应”是一种现象，其中由受试者生成的单词比阅读的单词记忆得更好。目前的实验研究了这种效果在轻度至中度痴呆症的阿尔茨海默型（DAT），健康的老年人和年轻人在各种不同的编码和检索条件下。实验1采用了一个有意识的学习任务，使用相同的单词列表进行多次学习/测试试验。虽然年轻人和老年人都表现出更高的回忆内部产生的单词比读单词，DAT患者未能证明即使在重复暴露于相同的刺激列表的效果。实验2复制了相同的模式的结果，使用附带学习范式与回忆和识别测试。对DAT患者为什么没有表现出生成效应的各种解释进行了讨论，特别强调了语义记忆和编码失败的作用。
The “generation effect” is a phenomenon in which words that are generated by the subject are remembered better than words which are read. The present experiments examined this effect in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), healthy elderly adults, and young adults under a variety of different encoding and retrieval conditions. Experiment 1 employed an intentional learning task with multiple study/test trials using the same list of words. While both the young and elderly adults exhibited higher recall for internally generated words than read words, the DAT patients failed to demonstrate the effect even after repeated exposures to the same stimulus list. Experiment 2 replicated this same pattern of results using an incidental learning paradigm with both recall and recognition tests. Various explanations as to why the DAT patients failed to show the generation effect were discussed with particular emphasis placed on the role of semantic memory and encoding failure.