Airborne dust and high temperatures are risk factors for invasive bacterial disease.
Airborne dust and high temperatures are risk factors for invasive bacterial disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.062
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kadioglu A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jusot JF;Neill DR;Waters EM;Bangert M;Collins M;Bricio Moreno L;Lawan KG;Moussa MM;Dearing E;Everett DB;Collard JM;Kadioglu A
西非的萨赫勒地区是世界上细菌性脑膜炎发病率和病死率最高的地区。气候因素对侵入性呼吸道细菌性疾病模式的影响没有很好的记录。我们旨在评估气候因素与尼日尔萨赫勒地区侵袭性呼吸道细菌性疾病发生之间的联系。我们在尼日尔的尼亚美进行了2003年1月1日至2010年12月31日的8年期间的每日疾病监测和气候监测，以确定细菌性脑膜炎和侵袭性细菌性疾病的风险因素。我们研究了这些因素对小鼠肺炎链球菌感染的机制作用。高温和低能见度（由空气中高浓度的灰尘造成）被确定为细菌性脑膜炎的重要风险因素。吸入粉尘或暴露于高温促进稳定的无症状肺炎球菌鼻咽携带进展为肺炎和侵袭性疾病。粉尘暴露显着减少吞噬细胞介导的细菌杀伤，暴露于高温增加释放的关键肺炎球菌毒素肺炎球菌溶血素通过增加细菌自溶。我们的研究结果表明，气候因素可以对传染病模式产生重大影响，改变肺炎球菌鼻咽携带的密度，减少吞噬细胞的杀伤，并导致炎症和组织损伤增加，从而导致侵袭性。应利用气候监测来预测侵入性细菌疾病的流行，减少颗粒吸入的简单控制措施可能会减少世界上暴露于高温和空气尘埃增加的地区的侵入性细菌疾病的发病率。
The Sahel region of West Africa has the highest bacterial meningitis attack and case fatality rate in the world. The effect of climatic factors on patterns of invasive respiratory bacterial disease is not well documented. We aimed to assess the link between climatic factors and occurrence of invasive respiratory bacterial disease in a Sahel region of Niger. We conducted daily disease surveillance and climatic monitoring over an 8-year period between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2010, in Niamey, Niger, to determine risk factors for bacterial meningitis and invasive bacterial disease. We investigated the mechanistic effects of these factors on Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice. High temperatures and low visibility (resulting from high concentrations of airborne dust) were identified as significant risk factors for bacterial meningitis. Dust inhalation or exposure to high temperatures promoted progression of stable asymptomatic pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage to pneumonia and invasive disease. Dust exposure significantly reduced phagocyte-mediated bacterial killing, and exposure to high temperatures increased release of the key pneumococcal toxin pneumolysin through increased bacterial autolysis. Our findings show that climatic factors can have a substantial influence on infectious disease patterns, altering density of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage, reducing phagocytic killing, and resulting in increased inflammation and tissue damage and consequent invasiveness. Climatic surveillance should be used to forecast invasive bacterial disease epidemics, and simple control measures to reduce particulate inhalation might reduce the incidence of invasive bacterial disease in regions of the world exposed to high temperatures and increased airborne dust.