MECHANISMS OF TRANSMISSION OF RHINOVIRUS INFECTIONS
MECHANISMS OF TRANSMISSION OF RHINOVIRUS INFECTIONS
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036024
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发表时间：
1988-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
GWALTNEY, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HENDLEY, JO;GWALTNEY, JM
鼻病毒感染已确定在世界上所有地区的病毒已寻求使用敏感的细胞培养检测。人鼻病毒的宿主是人的呼吸道。在自然条件下，人鼻病毒仅从人身上发现，尽管高等灵长类动物可以通过实验感染（1），但尚未从包括狗和猫在内的家畜身上发现。由于观察到鼻病毒在教室（2）和家庭（3-5）中的传播模式，人们怀疑儿童作为鼻病毒感染的储存库的特殊重要性。一些研究表明，儿童鼻病毒感染比成人多（6-9）。由于儿童缺乏对许多鼻病毒免疫型的抗体，他们比成人更容易感染鼻病毒。鼻病毒血清中和抗体的流行率随年龄增长而增加（10，11）。
Rhinovirus infections have been identified in all areas of the world where the virus has been sought using sensitive cell cultures for detection. The reservoir of human rhinovirus is the respiratory tract of humans. Human rhinovirus has been recovered under natural conditions only from humans, although higher primates can be infected experimentally (1), but it has not been recovered from domestic animals, including dogs and cats.The special importance of children as a reservoir for rhinovirus infection has been suspected because of the observed patterns of rhinovirus spread in the classroom (2) and in the home (3-5). Several studies have indicated that children have more rhinovirus infections than adults (6-9). Since children lack antibody to many rhinovirus immunotypes, they are susceptible to more rhinovirus types than adults. The prevalence of serum-neutralizing antibody to rhinovirus types increases with age (10, 11).