SEMANTIC PRIMING OF LEXICAL DECISIONS IN YOUNG AND OLD ADULTS
SEMANTIC PRIMING OF LEXICAL DECISIONS IN YOUNG AND OLD ADULTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/36.6.707
复制
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
LASAGA, MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOWARD, DV;MCANDREWS, MP;LASAGA, MI
24名年轻人（平均年龄为28岁）和24名老年人（平均年龄为70岁）完成了一项词汇决策任务。在这项任务中，他们在每次试验中看到两串字母，并被要求只有当两串字母都是单词时才回答“是”。对于这两个年龄段的人来说，当单词被联系在一起时，他们的决策速度比没有联系在一起时要快。这一模式在两个年龄段都出现了，不管相关的对是类别成员还是描述属性相关。同样的参与者也被出示了一个单词列表，让他们自由回忆。随着年龄的增长，记忆单词的数量和分类聚类的程度都有所下降，尤其是低频类别的例子。从两过程语义激活模型的角度来看，这些结果限制了加工缺陷理论，并与努力过程随着年龄的增长而改变而自动过程不改变的假设相一致。
Twenty-four young (mean = 28 yr) and 24 old (mean = 70 yr) adults completed a lexical decision task in which they saw 2 strings of letters on each trial and were asked to respond yes only if both strings were words. For both ages, decisions were faster when the words were associated than when they were not. This pattern emerged for both ages, regardless of whether the associated pairs were category-member or descriptive-property associates. The same participants were also presented with a list of words to free recall. There was a decline with age both in the number of words recalled and in the degree of categorical clustering, particularly of low frequency category exemplars. Viewed from the perspective of 2-process semantic activation models, these results place constraints on processing-deficit theories, and are consistent with the hypothesis that effortful processes change with aging, whereas automatic processes do not.