Genetic signatures of population change in the British golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
Genetic signatures of population change in the British golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
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DOI：
10.1007/s10592-010-0076-x
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Burke, Terry A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bourke, Brian P.;Frantz, Alain C.;Burke, Terry A.
金雕（Aquila chrysaetos）曾经广泛分布于不列颠群岛的高地，但现在在爱尔兰已经灭绝，主要局限于苏格兰的高地和岛屿。由于人口数量减少的确切程度和严重程度尚不清楚，因此必须了解人口数量如何受到减少的影响。因此，我们对当代英国人群中的172个个体的13个多态性微卫星位点进行了基因分型，并将其遗传多样性与70个英国和9个爱尔兰博物馆标本进行了比较。尽管最近的人口下降，只有轻微的证据表明，伴随着遗传变异的损失。相反，两种基于可能性的贝叶斯方法提供了一个严重的古代遗传瓶颈的证据，可能是由一个大的欧洲大陆人口的碎片化和/或殖民不列颠群岛的创始影响。由于尽管存在这一古老的瓶颈，但种群仍在持续，我们的结论是，对增加当今遗传多样性的干预需求有限。养护措施的主要短期目标应是通过不断保护个体和生境管理来增加种群规模。最后，我们还证实，出于管理目的，该物种应被视为一个单一的种群单位，灭绝的爱尔兰种群与英国种群没有区别。
The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) was once widely distributed in the uplands of the British Isles, but is now extinct in Ireland, and largely confined to the highlands and islands of Scotland. As the precise extent and severity of the reduction in population size are unclear, it is important to understand how the population was affected by the decline. We therefore genotyped 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci in 172 individuals from the contemporary British population and compared their genetic diversity to 70 British and 9 Irish museum specimens. Despite the recent population decline, there is only slight evidence for a concomitant loss of genetic variation. Instead, two likelihood-based Bayesian methods provided evidence for a severe ancient genetic bottleneck, possibly caused by the fragmentation of a large mainland European population and/or the founding effects of colonising the British Isles. As the population persisted despite this ancient bottleneck, our conclusion is that there is limited need for intervention to augment the present-day genetic diversity. The main short-term objective of conservation measures should be to increase population sizes by continuous safeguarding of individuals and habitat management. Finally, we also confirmed that, for management purposes, the species should be considered a single population unit and that the extinct Irish population was not differentiated from the British one.