Thyroid hormones and skeletal muscle--new insights and potential implications.
Thyroid hormones and skeletal muscle--new insights and potential implications.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrendo.2013.238
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
40.5
通讯作者：
Larsen, P. Reed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salvatore, Domenico;Simonides, Warner S.;Dentice, Monica;Zavacki, Ann Marie;Larsen, P. Reed
甲状腺激素信号调节重要的生物功能，包括能量消耗，产热，发育和生长。骨骼肌是甲状腺激素信号传导的主要靶点。已在骨骼肌中鉴定出2型（DIO2）和3型（DIO3）碘甲腺原氨酸脱碘酶。DIO2表达受到严格调控，并催化分泌的激素原四碘甲状腺原氨酸（T4）的外环单脱碘，以产生活性激素三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）。T3可以保留在肌细胞中以通过核受体发出信号或离开细胞以与细胞外池混合。相比之下，DIO3通过去除内环碘使T3失活。脱碘酶的表达和活性调节构成了控制细胞内T3浓度的细胞自主、受体前机制。T3活性的这种局部控制在肌发生的各个阶段是至关重要的。在这里，我们回顾了T3在骨骼肌发育和稳态中的作用，重点是新兴的局部脱碘酶介导的T3信号控制。此外，我们在肌肉稳态和病理学的背景下讨论了这些新的发现，并研究了如何在治疗上利用它们来改善骨骼肌疾病，肌肉萎缩或损伤患者的卫星细胞介导的肌肉修复。
Thyroid hormone signalling regulates crucial biological functions, including energy expenditure, thermogenesis, development and growth. The skeletal muscle is a major target of thyroid hormone signalling. The type two (DIO2) and three (DIO3) iodothyronine deiodinases have been identified in skeletal muscle. DIO2 expression is tightly regulated and catalyzes outer ring monodeiodination of the secreted prohormone tetraiodothyronine (T4) to generate the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3). T3 may remain in the myocyte to signal through nuclear receptors or exit the cell to mix with the extracellular pool. By contrast, DIO3 inactivates T3 through removal of an inner ring iodine. Regulation of the expression and activity of deiodinases constitutes a cell-autonomous, pre-receptor mechanism for controlling the intracellular concentration of T3. This local control of T3 activity is crucial during the various phases of myogenesis. Here, we review the roles of T3 in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis, with a focus on the emerging local deiodinase-mediated control of T3 signalling. Moreover, we discuss these novel findings in the context of both muscle homeostasis and pathology, and examine how they can be therapeutically harnessed to improve satellite cell-mediated muscle repair in patients with skeletal muscle disorders, muscle atrophy or injury.
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影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Croteau, W;Davey, JC;StGermain, DL
通讯作者：
StGermain, DL
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Brunet, A;Bonni, A;Greenberg, ME
通讯作者：
Greenberg, ME
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Heemstra, K. A.;Hoftijzer, H. C.;Smit, J. W. A.
通讯作者：
Smit, J. W. A.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1207911109
发表时间：
2012-06-19
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cypess, Aaron M.;Chen, Yih-Chieh;Kahn, C. Ronald
通讯作者：
Kahn, C. Ronald
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
ANDERSON, JE;LIU, L;KARDAMI, E
通讯作者：
KARDAMI, E