Migration of Mexican seasonal farm workers to Canada and development: Obstacles ro productive investment
Migration of Mexican seasonal farm workers to Canada and development: Obstacles ro productive investment
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DOI：
10.2307/2676013
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Basok, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basok, T
本文探讨了国际劳务移民对原籍社区发展的影响。它概述了与发展领域具体理论趋势相对应的三个理论立场。第一种立场是那些假设汇款以及获得的技能和知识有助于当地发展的人（乐观观点）。第二种立场是那些主要以消极的方式看待国际移民影响的人（悲观观点）。最后，有些人认为，当移民汇出金融和社会资本时，虽然有限，但一定程度的增长是可能的（适度乐观的观点）。基于对安大略省墨西哥季节性工人的研究，本文认为，虽然国际移民可以促进一定的经济增长，但这种增长是有限的。虽然季节性劳务移民及其家庭的生活水平有所提高（因此有一些有限的乐观基础），但他们中很少有人将钱投资于生产性活动。相反，农民工家庭经历的改善与持续的外部收入来源有关。文章指出，虽然前往加拿大的移民面临着与墨西哥自给农业衰退相关的结构性限制，以及与家庭构成（家庭中没有男性）相关的结构性限制，但用于选择加拿大季节性农场工人计划参与者的具体标准加剧了与这些工人有效地投资汇款潜力较低相关的问题。
This article explores the impact of international labor migration on development in communities of origin. It outlines three theoretical positions corresponding to specific theoretical trends in the field of development. The first position is represented by those who postulate that remittances and acquired skills and knowledge contribute to local development (the optimistic perspective). The second position is represented by those who regard the impact of international migration in predominantly negative terms (the pessimistic perspective). And finally, there are those who believe that some, although limited, growth is possible when transmigrants remit financial and social capital (the moderately optimistic perspective). Based on research on Mexican seasonal workers in Ontario, the article will argue that while international migration can contribute to some economic growth, this growth is limited. While the standards of living of seasonal labor migrants and their households improve (and therefore there is basis for some limited optimism), few among them invest their money in productive activities. Instead, the improvements that the migrants' households experience are linked to continuous external sources of income. The article illustrates that while Canada-bound migrants experience both structural constraints related to the decline in subsistence agriculture in Mexico and those related to household composition (absence of males from the household), specific criteria used to select participants in the Canadian seasonal farm worker program compound the problems associated with the low potential among these workers to invest remittances productively.