Cross-tolerance: a pathway for inducing tolerance to peripheral tissue antigens.
Cross-tolerance: a pathway for inducing tolerance to peripheral tissue antigens.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.187.10.1549
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发表时间：
1998-05-18
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
Carbone, F R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heath, W R;Kurts, C;Miller, J F;Carbone, F R
T淋巴细胞在胸腺内发育，在胸腺中它们被积极选择用于自我限制，并清除对该微环境中存在的自身抗原表现出强反应性的细胞。然后，成熟淋巴细胞进入外周淋巴池，在那里它们在各种次级淋巴器官之间再循环，包括脾脏和引流外周组织的淋巴结（1）。T淋巴细胞几乎完全是在这些淋巴组织中首先遇到抗原的。在相对狭窄的次级淋巴区室内，总淋巴细胞库的快速再循环，结合抗原从外周部位到引流淋巴结的有效移动，允许对整个生物体的感染进行高效监测。因此，次级淋巴器官有效地将免疫所需的关键参与者聚集在一起;特别是T细胞，它们的靶抗原，以及重要的APC。APC同时提供了有效识别淋巴细胞外（外周）组织衍生抗原的关键支架，并且潜在地直接参与抗原从外周表达位点向发生有效T细胞活化的中心位置的移动。在这篇评论中，我们将集中在运输和介绍的外周衍生抗原内的次级淋巴隔室，并讨论新出现的证据表明，这种介绍不仅是负责有效的T细胞启动，但也可能在诱导T细胞耐受性表达的自身抗原完全由外周组织。
Tlymphocytes develop within the thymus, where they are positively selected for self-restriction and purged of cells exhibiting strong reactivity to self-antigens presented within this microenvironment. Mature lymphocytes then enter the peripheral lymphoid pool, where they recirculate between the various secondary lymphoid organs, including the spleen and the lymph nodes that drain peripheral tissues (1). It is almost exclusively within these lymphoid tissues that T lymphocytes first encounter antigen. The rapid recirculation of the total lymphocyte repertoire within the relatively confined secondary lymphoid compartment, in combination with the effective movement of antigens from peripheral sites to draining lymph nodes, permits highly efficient surveillance for infection throughout the whole organism. Thus, the secondary lymphoid organs effectively bring together the key players required for immunity; notably the T cells, their target antigen, and, importantly, the APCs. It is the APCs that simultaneously provide a crucial scaffold for effective recognition of extralymphoid (peripheral) tissue–derived antigen and, potentially, directly participate in the movement of antigen from peripheral sites of expression to the central locations where effective T cell activation takes place. In this commentary, we will focus on the trafficking and presentation of peripherally derived antigens within the secondary lymphoid compartment, and discuss emerging evidence suggesting that this presentation is not only responsible for effective T cell priming, but may also function in the induction of T cell tolerance to self-antigens expressed exclusively by peripheral tissues.