A short computer interview for obtaining psychiatric diagnoses.
A short computer interview for obtaining psychiatric diagnoses.
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用于获得精神病诊断的简短计算机访谈。
DOI：
10.1176/ps.47.3.293
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robins,LN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bucholz,KK;Marion,SL;Shayka,JJ;Marcus,SC;Robins,LN
目的为了确定简短的计算机访谈是否可以代替完整的诊断访谈来获得精神疾病的诊断，作者考察了简短访谈的敏感性、特异性以及与完整访谈的诊断一致性。方法对近期从某大学精神科出院的患者进行连续两次访谈，一次采用全面诊断访谈，另一次采用简短的计算机访谈。根据两次访谈得出的诊断结果，计算短访谈的敏感性和特异性以及反映两次访谈诊断一致性的kappa值。结果短访对大多数疾病的诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性，与全访的诊断一致性较好。它的管理时间也明显缩短。然而，它遗漏了相当大比例的广泛性焦虑症病例，并将相当大比例的创伤后应激障碍活动性病例错误地归类为缓解期。结论：除少数例外情况外，当缺少一个活跃病例并不重要或不需要统计个体症状和疾病亚型时，简短访谈可以代替完整访谈。这些用途包括筛选纳入研究的对象，以及获得患者终生精神状态的概述。
ObjectiveTo determine whether a short computer interview could be used in place of a full diagnostic interview to obtain psychiatric diagnoses, the authors examined the short interview's sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic agreement with the full interview.MethodsPatients recently discharged from a university psychiatric service were interviewed in two back-to-back sessions, one in which a full diagnostic interview was used and the other in which a short computer interview was used. Based on diagnoses derived from both interviews, the sensitivity and specificity of the short interview and kappa values reflecting the diagnostic agreement of the two interviews were calculated.ResultsThe short interview had high sensitivity and specificity and excellent diagnostic agreement with the full interview for most disorders. It also had a significantly shorter administration time. However, it missed a substantial percentage of cases of generalized anxiety disorder and misclassified as in remission a substantial proportion of patients with active cases of post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionsWith few exceptions, the short interview may be substituted for the full interview when missing an active case is not important or when a count of individual symptoms and subtyping of disorders are not needed. Such uses include screening subjects for inclusion in a study and obtaining an overview of a patient's lifetime psychiatric status.