Analgesic and systemic, effects of ketamine, xylazine, and lidocaine after subarachnoid administration in goats
Analgesic and systemic, effects of ketamine, xylazine, and lidocaine after subarachnoid administration in goats
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DOI：
10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.51
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Beretta, MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeRossi, R;Junqueira, AL;Beretta, MP
目的-确定盐酸氯胺酮、盐酸甲苯噻嗪和盐酸利多卡因在山羊蛛网膜下腔给药后的作用。动物-6只健康山羊。程序-在每只山羊中，氯胺酮（3 mg/kg）、甲苯噻嗪和盐酸利多卡因在蛛网膜下腔给药后的作用。（0.1 mg/kg），利多卡因（2.5毫克/千克），在最后一个腰椎和第一个骶椎之间的蛛网膜下腔注射生理盐水（0.9%NaCl）溶液（时间0）。镇痛，共济失调，镇静，心血管和呼吸系统的影响和直肠温度进行了评价前（基线）和2，5，10，15，30分钟后，管理和30分钟的间隔，此后根据需要。赛拉嗪（平均值+/- SD，9.5 +/- 2.6分钟）的镇痛作用起效时间比氯胺酮（6.7 +/- 2.6分钟）或利多卡因（3.5 +/- 1.2分钟）更延迟。甲苯噻嗪诱导的镇痛持续时间（88.3 ± 15分钟）是氯胺酮诱导的镇痛持续时间（48.8 ± 13.5分钟）的两倍，但与利多卡因诱导的镇痛持续时间（66.5 ± 31分钟）相似。甲苯噻嗪诱导心动过缓，而氯胺酮导致心率无显著增加。甲苯噻嗪引起的动脉压降低，而氯胺酮或利多卡因并没有影响动脉压。结论和临床相关性，蛛网膜下腔给药甲苯噻嗪在山羊的尾巴，会阴，后肢，侧翼，和caudodorthoral肋面积比氯胺酮或利多卡因管理的镇痛持续时间较长。然而，甲苯噻嗪引起心动过缓和呼吸抑制。需要进一步的研究来确定镇痛是否足以让临床医生进行外科手术。
Objective-To determine the effects of ketamine hydrochloride, xylazine hydrochloride, and lidocaine hydrochloride after subarachnoid administration in goats.Animals-6 healthy goats.Procedure-In each goat, ketamine (3 mg/kg), xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), lidocaine (2.5 mg/kg), and saline (0.9% NaCl) solution were injected into the subarachnoid space between the last lumbar vertebra and first sacral vertebra (time 0). Analgesic, ataxic, sedative, cardiovascular, and respiratory effects and rectal temperature were evaluated before (baseline) and 2, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after administration and at 30-minute intervals thereafter as needed.Results-Administration of anesthetics induced varying degrees of analgesia. Onset of the analgesic effect was more delayed for xylazine (mean +/- SD, 9.5 +/- 2.6 minutes) than for ketamine (6.7 +/- 2.6 minutes) or liclocaine (3.5 +/- 1.2 minutes). Duration of analgesia induced by xylazine (88.3 +/- 15 minutes) was twice as long as the duration of analgesia induced by ketamine (48.8 +/- 13.5 minutes) but similar to that induced by liclocaine (66.5 +/- 31 minutes). Xylazine induced bradycardia, whereas ketamine caused a nonsignificant increase in heart rate. Xylazine induced a reduction in arterial pressure, whereas ketamine or liclocaine did not affect arterial pressure.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Subarachnoid administration of xylazine in goats resulted in longer duration of analgesia of the tail, perineum, hind limbs, flanks, and caudodorsal rib areas than administration of ketamine or liclocaine. However, xylazine caused bradycardia and respiratory depression. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the analgesia would be sufficient to allow clinicians to perform surgical procedures.