From sounds to words: A neurocomputational model of adaptation, inhibition and memory processes in auditory change detection
From sounds to words: A neurocomputational model of adaptation, inhibition and memory processes in auditory change detection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.031
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Pulvermueller, Friedemann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garagnani, Max;Pulvermueller, Friedemann
大多数动物都能在一连串重复的刺激中察觉到突然的变化，但只有一些动物能学习各种各样的感觉模式，并在以后识别它们，这是高等哺乳动物进化成功的关键技能。在这里，我们使用一个神经模型模仿皮层解剖的感觉和运动区及其连接来解释大脑活动索引听觉变化和记忆访问。我们的模拟结果表明，虽然神经元的适应和局部抑制的皮层活动可以解释方面的变化检测时观察到的频率变化的重复不熟悉的声音，听觉刺激引起的大脑动力学与众所周知的模式（如有意义的话）不能占适应和抑制的基础上单独。具体来说，我们发现，在被动古怪任务中观察到的对熟悉刺激的更强的大脑反应，最好解释为在学习这些刺激时皮层中出现的记忆回路的激活。这样的记忆回路，以及它们所带来的激活增强，对于不熟悉的刺激是不存在的。该模型说明了基本的神经生物学机制，包括神经元的适应，侧抑制，赫布学习，神经元组装的形成和动力学的基础，并差异有助于大脑的主要变化检测响应，错配负性。(C)2010年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Most animals detect sudden changes in trains of repeated stimuli but only some can learn a wide range of sensory patterns and recognise them later, a skill crucial for the evolutionary success of higher mammals. Here we use a neural model mimicking the cortical anatomy of sensory and motor areas and their connections to explain brain activity indexing auditory change and memory access. Our simulations indicate that while neuronal adaptation and local inhibition of cortical activity can explain aspects of change detection as observed when a repeated unfamiliar sound changes in frequency, the brain dynamics elicited by auditory stimulation with well-known patterns (such as meaningful words) cannot be accounted for on the basis of adaptation and inhibition alone. Specifically, we show that the stronger brain responses observed to familiar stimuli in passive oddball tasks are best explained in terms of activation of memory circuits that emerged in the cortex during the learning of these stimuli. Such memory circuits, and the activation enhancement they entail, are absent for unfamiliar stimuli. The model illustrates how basic neurobiological mechanisms, including neuronal adaptation, lateral inhibition, and Hebbian learning, underlie neuronal assembly formation and dynamics, and differentially contribute to the brain's major change detection response, the mismatch negativity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.