Microsaccades counteract perceptual filling-in
Microsaccades counteract perceptual filling-in
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DOI：
10.1167/8.14.15
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Martinez-Conde, Susana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Troncoso, Xoana G.;Macknik, Stephen L.;Martinez-Conde, Susana
位于周边动态噪声内的人工暗点在视觉注视期间感知地消退（即，周围的动态噪声似乎填充暗点）。由于暗点的边缘会被动态噪声背景不断刷新，这种填充效应无法用低级自适应机制（例如经典Troxler衰落的基础）来解释。我们最近表明，微扫视抵消特罗克斯勒衰落和驱动一阶能见度在固定（S。Martinez-Conde，S. L. Macknik，X. G. Troncoso，& T. A. Dyar，2006）。在这里，我们着手确定微扫视是否可以抵消人工暗点的感知填充，从而驱动二阶可见性。如果是这样的话，微眼跳可能不仅会抵消低水平的适应，而且还在更高的感知过程中发挥作用。我们要求受试者通过按钮按下/释放来指示在动态噪声背景上呈现的人工暗点在任何给定时间是否可见或不可见。受试者的眼球运动是用高精度的视频系统同时测量的。我们发现，增加微眼跳生产抵消了填补的看法，驾驶的人工暗点的可见性。相反，减少微扫视允许知觉填充发生。我们的研究结果表明，微扫视不仅克服了低层次的适应机制，但他们也有助于保持二阶可见性在固定。
Artificial scotomas positioned within peripheral dynamic noise fade perceptually during visual fixation (that is, the surrounding dynamic noise appears to fill-in the scotoma). Because the scotomas' edges are continuously refreshed by the dynamic noise background, this filling-in effect cannot be explained by low-level adaptation mechanisms (such as those that may underlie classical Troxler fading). We recently showed that microsaccades counteract Troxler fading and drive first-order visibility during fixation (S. Martinez-Conde, S. L. Macknik, X. G. Troncoso, & T. A. Dyar, 2006). Here we set out to determine whether microsaccades may counteract the perceptual filling-in of artificial scotomas and thus drive second-order visibility. If so, microsaccades may not only counteract low-level adaptation but also play a role in higher perceptual processes. We asked subjects to indicate, via button press/release, whether an artificial scotoma presented on a dynamic noise background was visible or invisible at any given time. The subjects' eye movements were simultaneously measured with a high precision video system. We found that increases in microsaccade production counteracted the perception of filling-in, driving the visibility of the artificial scotoma. Conversely, decreased microsaccades allowed perceptual filling-in to take place. Our results show that microsaccades do not solely overcome low-level adaptation mechanisms but they also contribute to maintaining second-order visibility during fixation.