The Diffusion of Computerized Crime Mapping in Policing: Linking Research and Practice
The Diffusion of Computerized Crime Mapping in Policing: Linking Research and Practice
复制标题
计算机化犯罪地图在警务领域的推广：研究与实践的结合
DOI：
10.1080/15614260500433004
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
C. Lum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Weisburd;C. Lum
在本文中，我们研究扩散的计算机化犯罪绘图后，一个更一般的方法，“扩散的创新”的开创者埃弗雷特罗杰斯在1995年。我们使用的数据从执法管理和行政统计（LEMAS）的调查和犯罪测绘研究中心在美国国家司法研究所，以确定采用计算机化的犯罪测绘在较大的美国警察机构的基本模式。正如我们在论文中所述，这些调查表明，较大的警察机构已经迅速采用了计算机化犯罪地图。我们补充这些数据与采用计算机化犯罪地图的试点研究表明，通过2001年持续快速采用曲线，并说明，犯罪地图的创新遵循一段时间的信任危机，在标准的美国警察的做法。我们还发现，广泛采用的计算机化的犯罪地图以下的研究证据的有效性热点警务方法，并与这些方法在警察机构与计算机化的犯罪地图的能力。随着创新文献的扩散，我们发现，早期采用计算机犯罪地图的可能性和研究知识以及与研究界的互动之间存在显着的关系。
In this paper we examine the diffusion of computerized crime mapping drawing upon a more general approach to the ‘diffusion of innovations’ pioneered by Everett Rogers in 1995. We use data from the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) survey and the Crime Mapping Research Center at the National Institute of Justice to define the basic pattern of adoption of computerized crime mapping in larger American police agencies. As we illustrate in our paper, these surveys suggest that larger police agencies have adopted computerized crime mapping at a rapid pace. We supplement these data with a pilot study of adoption of computerized crime mapping that shows a continuing rapid adoption curve through 2001, and that illustrates that crime mapping innovation follows a period of crisis of confidence in standard American police practices. We also find that the widespread adoption of computerized crime mapping follows research evidence regarding the effectiveness of hot spots policing approaches, and is linked strongly to those approaches in police agencies with computerized crime mapping capabilities. Following the diffusion of innovation literature more generally, we show that there is a significant relationship between the likelihood of early adoption of computerized crime mapping and knowledge of research and interaction with the research community.