Discrepancies in estimates of prevalence and correlates of substance use and disorders between two national surveys
Discrepancies in estimates of prevalence and correlates of substance use and disorders between two national surveys
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01745.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Gfroerer, Joseph C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grucza, Richard A.;Abbacchi, Anna M.;Gfroerer, Joseph C.
目的 通过比较最近对具有全国代表性的美国样本进行的两项调查的结果，评估方法差异可能在多大程度上影响对物质使用和疾病的患病率和相关性的估计。方法 对 2002 年全国药物使用和健康调查 (NSDUH) 数据与 2001 年 2 月实施的全国酒精及相关病症流行病学调查 (NESARC) 数据进行事后比较。结果 NSDUH 中所有物质使用结果的患病率估计值均高于 NESARC；对于非法药物使用结果，NSDUH 与 NESARC 流行率的比率范围为 2.1 至 5.7。在 NSDUH 中，去年可卡因和海洛因的物质使用障碍 (SUD) 患病率估计较高，但与 NESARC 对酒精、大麻和致幻剂的估计相似。然而，在 NSDUH 中，以过去一年的使用为条件的去年 SUD 流行率估计要低得多，其中大麻、致幻剂和可卡因。在 NESARC 中，药物和 SUD 结果之间的关联要高得多。不同调查之间的 SUD 总患病率没有差异，但 NSDUH 中黑人和西班牙裔的估计值较高。结论 许多方法学变量可能导致了这种差异；可能的候选因素包括与隐私和匿名相关的因素，这可能导致 NSDUH 的使用估计较高，以及 SUD 诊断仪器的差异，这可能导致 NESARC 过去一年的物质使用者中 SUD 流行率较高。
Aim To assess the degree to which methodological differences might influence estimates of prevalence and correlates of substance use and disorders by comparing results from two recent surveys administered to nationally representative US samples. Methods Post-hoc comparison of data from the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) with data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) administered in 2001-02. Results Prevalence estimates for all substance use outcomes were higher in the NSDUH than in the NESARC; ratios of NSDUH to NESARC prevalences ranged from 2.1 to 5.7 for illegal drug use outcomes. In the NSDUH, past-year substance use disorder (SUD) prevalence estimates were higher for cocaine and heroin, but were similar to NESARC estimates for alcohol, marijuana and hallucinogens. However, prevalence estimates for past-year SUD conditional on past-year use were substantially lower in the NSDUH for marijuana, hallucinogens and cocaine. Associations among drug and SUD outcomes were substantially higher in the NESARC. Total SUD prevalence did not differ between surveys, but estimates for blacks and Hispanics were higher in the NSDUH. Conclusion A number of methodological variables might have contributed to such discrepancies; among plausible candidates are factors related to privacy and anonymity, which may have resulted in higher use estimates in the NSDUH, and differences in SUD diagnostic instrumentation, which may have resulted in higher SUD prevalence among past-year substance users in the NESARC.