HIV serostatus disclosure among gay and bisexual men in four American cities: general patterns and relation to sexual practices
HIV serostatus disclosure among gay and bisexual men in four American cities: general patterns and relation to sexual practices
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DOI：
10.1080/09540129848451
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Wilson, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolitski, RJ;Rietmeijer, CAM;Wilson, RM
本研究探讨了以前未经测试的艾滋病毒血清阳性和艾滋病毒血清阴性的男同性恋和双性恋男子从四个美国城市（n = 701）的血清状态披露模式。在了解他们的HIV血清状态后六个月，97%的研究参与者向至少一个其他人透露了他们的测试结果。与早期的研究一致，测试结果最常与朋友和受访者的主要合作伙伴分享。艾滋病毒血清状态披露不太频繁的家庭成员，同事，和非主要性伙伴。与艾滋病毒血清反应阴性的男性相比，艾滋病毒血清反应阳性的男性更有可能向卫生保健提供者透露自己的状况，而不太可能与家人分享这一信息。在血清反应阳性的男性中，11%的人没有向他们的主要性伴侣透露他们的血清状态，66%的人没有向非主要性伴侣透露。在有一个或多个非主要性伙伴的艾滋病毒血清阳性男性中，16%没有透露其血清状况的人报告在与这些性伙伴肛交时不一致地使用避孕套。艾滋病毒血清阳性披露者与非披露者在自我报告的性行为方面没有观察到显着差异。与没有透露自己血清状况的HIV阴性男性相比，分享自己血清状况信息的HIV阴性男性更有可能与主要伴侣进行接受性肛交（p <0.05），与非主要伴侣进行相互手淫（p <0.005）、接受性口交（p <0.005）和插入性肛交（p <0.05）。在避孕套的使用方面，避孕者和非避孕者之间没有显著差异。研究结果对未来的研究和艾滋病预防计划的影响进行了讨论。
The present study examined patterns of serostatus disclosure among previously untested HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative gay and bisexual men recruited from four American cities (n = 701). Six months after learning their HIV serostatus, 97% of study participants had disclosed their test results to at least one other individual. Consistent with earlier studies, test results were most frequently shared with friends and the respondent's primary partner. HIV serostatus was disclosed less frequently to family members, co-workers, and non-primary sex partners. Compared with HIV-seronegative men, HIV-seropositive men were more likely to have disclosed their status to a health care provider and less likely to have shared this information with family members. Of seropositive men, 11% did not disclose their serostatus to their primary partner and 66% did not disclose to a non-primary sex partner. Of HIV-seropositive men with one or more non-primary partners, 16% of those who did not disclose their serostatus reported inconsistent condom use during anal intercourse with these partners. No significant differences in self-reported sexual practices were observed for HIV-seropositive disclosers versus non-disclosers. Compared with HIV-seronegative men who did not disclose, seronegative men who shared information about their serostatus were more likely to have had receptive anal intercourse with their primary partner (p < 0.05) and to have engaged in mutual masturbation (p < 0.005), receptive oral sex (p < 0.005) and insertive anal intercourse (p < 0.05) with non-primary partners. No significant differences were observed between disclosers and non-disclosers with regard to condom use. Implications of the findings for future research and HIV prevention programmes are discussed.